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Assessing Copper-Alternative Products for the Control of Pre- and Postharvest Citrus Anthracnose
Citrus production is worldwide threatened by Colletotrichum spp., causal agents of pre- and postharvest anthracnose. The recent limitation on the use of copper-based antimicrobials, due to its demonstrated noxious effect on the environment, makes the control of this pathogen difficult. Thus, alterna...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9965279/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36840250 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12040904 |
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author | Lombardo, Monia Federica Panebianco, Salvina Azzaro, Antonino Catara, Vittoria Cirvilleri, Gabriella |
author_facet | Lombardo, Monia Federica Panebianco, Salvina Azzaro, Antonino Catara, Vittoria Cirvilleri, Gabriella |
author_sort | Lombardo, Monia Federica |
collection | PubMed |
description | Citrus production is worldwide threatened by Colletotrichum spp., causal agents of pre- and postharvest anthracnose. The recent limitation on the use of copper-based antimicrobials, due to its demonstrated noxious effect on the environment, makes the control of this pathogen difficult. Thus, alternative products able to reduce/phase out copper in organic citrus farming are needed. In this study, the efficacy of 11 commercial alternative products were evaluated in vitro, in growth chamber, in open field and in postharvest environments. In vitro, mineral fertilizers, basic substances, essential oils, plant defense stimulators and biological control agents were able to inhibit the mycelial growth with variable efficacy. On artificially infected citrus fruit, almost all tested products significantly reduced disease incidence and severity, but with lower efficacy than copper. The efficacy of mineral fertilizers-based Kiram and Vitibiosap 458 Plus, citrus essential oil-based Prev-Am Plus and chitosan-based Biorend was confirmed in open field trials, in naturally infected citrus fruits. In these trials Biorend was the best alternative product, significantly reducing disease incidence (71% DI reduction) with better results than copper (47.5%). Field treatments reduced the incidence and severity of the disease in postharvest conditions, especially in fruits field-treated three times. Overall, selected products tested in open field can represent a good alternative to copper compounds in the view of future limitation of its use. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9965279 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-99652792023-02-26 Assessing Copper-Alternative Products for the Control of Pre- and Postharvest Citrus Anthracnose Lombardo, Monia Federica Panebianco, Salvina Azzaro, Antonino Catara, Vittoria Cirvilleri, Gabriella Plants (Basel) Article Citrus production is worldwide threatened by Colletotrichum spp., causal agents of pre- and postharvest anthracnose. The recent limitation on the use of copper-based antimicrobials, due to its demonstrated noxious effect on the environment, makes the control of this pathogen difficult. Thus, alternative products able to reduce/phase out copper in organic citrus farming are needed. In this study, the efficacy of 11 commercial alternative products were evaluated in vitro, in growth chamber, in open field and in postharvest environments. In vitro, mineral fertilizers, basic substances, essential oils, plant defense stimulators and biological control agents were able to inhibit the mycelial growth with variable efficacy. On artificially infected citrus fruit, almost all tested products significantly reduced disease incidence and severity, but with lower efficacy than copper. The efficacy of mineral fertilizers-based Kiram and Vitibiosap 458 Plus, citrus essential oil-based Prev-Am Plus and chitosan-based Biorend was confirmed in open field trials, in naturally infected citrus fruits. In these trials Biorend was the best alternative product, significantly reducing disease incidence (71% DI reduction) with better results than copper (47.5%). Field treatments reduced the incidence and severity of the disease in postharvest conditions, especially in fruits field-treated three times. Overall, selected products tested in open field can represent a good alternative to copper compounds in the view of future limitation of its use. MDPI 2023-02-16 /pmc/articles/PMC9965279/ /pubmed/36840250 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12040904 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Lombardo, Monia Federica Panebianco, Salvina Azzaro, Antonino Catara, Vittoria Cirvilleri, Gabriella Assessing Copper-Alternative Products for the Control of Pre- and Postharvest Citrus Anthracnose |
title | Assessing Copper-Alternative Products for the Control of Pre- and Postharvest Citrus Anthracnose |
title_full | Assessing Copper-Alternative Products for the Control of Pre- and Postharvest Citrus Anthracnose |
title_fullStr | Assessing Copper-Alternative Products for the Control of Pre- and Postharvest Citrus Anthracnose |
title_full_unstemmed | Assessing Copper-Alternative Products for the Control of Pre- and Postharvest Citrus Anthracnose |
title_short | Assessing Copper-Alternative Products for the Control of Pre- and Postharvest Citrus Anthracnose |
title_sort | assessing copper-alternative products for the control of pre- and postharvest citrus anthracnose |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9965279/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36840250 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12040904 |
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