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Applicability of Different Methods for Quantifying Virucidal Efficacy Using MENNO Florades and Tomato Brown Rugose Fruit Virus as an Example

After entry of a quarantine/regulated pathogen, infected plants shall be destroyed, and the cultivated area (e.g., greenhouse) shall be disinfected. Therefore, the selection of an effective disinfectant plays an important role. With the availability of different methods for virus quantification, we...

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Autores principales: Nourinejhad Zarghani, Shaheen, Ehlers, Jens, Monavari, Mehran, von Bargen, Susanne, Hamacher, Joachim, Büttner, Carmen, Bandte, Martina
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9966202/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36840244
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12040894
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author Nourinejhad Zarghani, Shaheen
Ehlers, Jens
Monavari, Mehran
von Bargen, Susanne
Hamacher, Joachim
Büttner, Carmen
Bandte, Martina
author_facet Nourinejhad Zarghani, Shaheen
Ehlers, Jens
Monavari, Mehran
von Bargen, Susanne
Hamacher, Joachim
Büttner, Carmen
Bandte, Martina
author_sort Nourinejhad Zarghani, Shaheen
collection PubMed
description After entry of a quarantine/regulated pathogen, infected plants shall be destroyed, and the cultivated area (e.g., greenhouse) shall be disinfected. Therefore, the selection of an effective disinfectant plays an important role. With the availability of different methods for virus quantification, we investigated the application of quantitative ELISA (qELISA), RT-qPCR (reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction), and bioassays for the quantification of disinfectant efficacy. Therefore, we estimated the titer reduction in tomato brown rugose fruit virus (ToBRFV), a regulated pathogen, in plant sap and on germ carriers after treatment with MENNO Florades 4% for 16 h. The virus load before and after the treatment was measured with the mentioned methods. The RT-qPCR and qELISA methods showed very low efficacy in the presence of the disinfectant. Although bioassays are time-consuming, need purified particles for establishing the quantification models, and are less sensitive than RT-qPCR, they were able to quantify the differences in virus titer in the presence/absence of disinfectant. Interestingly, the bioassays reached at least the lower limit sensitivity of a qELISA. By being less sensitive to the presence of the disinfectant, bioassays proved to be the only technique for the determination of the disinfectant efficacy against ToBRFV on different germ carriers as well as on virus-infected plant sap.
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spelling pubmed-99662022023-02-26 Applicability of Different Methods for Quantifying Virucidal Efficacy Using MENNO Florades and Tomato Brown Rugose Fruit Virus as an Example Nourinejhad Zarghani, Shaheen Ehlers, Jens Monavari, Mehran von Bargen, Susanne Hamacher, Joachim Büttner, Carmen Bandte, Martina Plants (Basel) Article After entry of a quarantine/regulated pathogen, infected plants shall be destroyed, and the cultivated area (e.g., greenhouse) shall be disinfected. Therefore, the selection of an effective disinfectant plays an important role. With the availability of different methods for virus quantification, we investigated the application of quantitative ELISA (qELISA), RT-qPCR (reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction), and bioassays for the quantification of disinfectant efficacy. Therefore, we estimated the titer reduction in tomato brown rugose fruit virus (ToBRFV), a regulated pathogen, in plant sap and on germ carriers after treatment with MENNO Florades 4% for 16 h. The virus load before and after the treatment was measured with the mentioned methods. The RT-qPCR and qELISA methods showed very low efficacy in the presence of the disinfectant. Although bioassays are time-consuming, need purified particles for establishing the quantification models, and are less sensitive than RT-qPCR, they were able to quantify the differences in virus titer in the presence/absence of disinfectant. Interestingly, the bioassays reached at least the lower limit sensitivity of a qELISA. By being less sensitive to the presence of the disinfectant, bioassays proved to be the only technique for the determination of the disinfectant efficacy against ToBRFV on different germ carriers as well as on virus-infected plant sap. MDPI 2023-02-16 /pmc/articles/PMC9966202/ /pubmed/36840244 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12040894 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Nourinejhad Zarghani, Shaheen
Ehlers, Jens
Monavari, Mehran
von Bargen, Susanne
Hamacher, Joachim
Büttner, Carmen
Bandte, Martina
Applicability of Different Methods for Quantifying Virucidal Efficacy Using MENNO Florades and Tomato Brown Rugose Fruit Virus as an Example
title Applicability of Different Methods for Quantifying Virucidal Efficacy Using MENNO Florades and Tomato Brown Rugose Fruit Virus as an Example
title_full Applicability of Different Methods for Quantifying Virucidal Efficacy Using MENNO Florades and Tomato Brown Rugose Fruit Virus as an Example
title_fullStr Applicability of Different Methods for Quantifying Virucidal Efficacy Using MENNO Florades and Tomato Brown Rugose Fruit Virus as an Example
title_full_unstemmed Applicability of Different Methods for Quantifying Virucidal Efficacy Using MENNO Florades and Tomato Brown Rugose Fruit Virus as an Example
title_short Applicability of Different Methods for Quantifying Virucidal Efficacy Using MENNO Florades and Tomato Brown Rugose Fruit Virus as an Example
title_sort applicability of different methods for quantifying virucidal efficacy using menno florades and tomato brown rugose fruit virus as an example
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9966202/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36840244
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12040894
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