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Patterns of Emergency Room Visits for Respiratory Diseases in New York State in Relation to Air Pollution, Poverty and Smoking

We have explored differences in rates of emergency room (ER) visits for respiratory diseases in the counties of New York State (NYS) in relation to levels of air pollution, poverty, and smoking. Air pollution information was derived from the National Emissions Inventory, which provides information o...

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Autores principales: Madani, Najm Alsadat, Carpenter, David O.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9966596/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36833962
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20043267
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author Madani, Najm Alsadat
Carpenter, David O.
author_facet Madani, Najm Alsadat
Carpenter, David O.
author_sort Madani, Najm Alsadat
collection PubMed
description We have explored differences in rates of emergency room (ER) visits for respiratory diseases in the counties of New York State (NYS) in relation to levels of air pollution, poverty, and smoking. Air pollution information was derived from the National Emissions Inventory, which provides information on road, non-road, point, and non-point sources of 12 different air pollutants. This information is only available at the county level. Four types of respiratory diseases were considered: asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), acute lower respiratory diseases, and acute upper respiratory diseases. Asthma ER visits were elevated in counties with greater total air pollution. All forms of respiratory diseases were elevated in counties with a greater rate of poverty, although this may reflect the fact that poor people often use ERs for routine care. There was a very strong association between rates of smoking for COPD and acute lower respiratory diseases. There was an apparent negative association between smoking and asthma ER visits, but this must reflect the fact that smoking was much more common in upstate counties while asthma was more common in the New York City area, where air pollution is high. Air pollution was much greater in urban than in rural areas. Our evidence indicates that air pollution is the greatest risk factor for asthma attacks, whereas smoking is the greatest risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lower respiratory disease. Poor people are more vulnerable to all forms of respiratory diseases.
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spelling pubmed-99665962023-02-26 Patterns of Emergency Room Visits for Respiratory Diseases in New York State in Relation to Air Pollution, Poverty and Smoking Madani, Najm Alsadat Carpenter, David O. Int J Environ Res Public Health Article We have explored differences in rates of emergency room (ER) visits for respiratory diseases in the counties of New York State (NYS) in relation to levels of air pollution, poverty, and smoking. Air pollution information was derived from the National Emissions Inventory, which provides information on road, non-road, point, and non-point sources of 12 different air pollutants. This information is only available at the county level. Four types of respiratory diseases were considered: asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), acute lower respiratory diseases, and acute upper respiratory diseases. Asthma ER visits were elevated in counties with greater total air pollution. All forms of respiratory diseases were elevated in counties with a greater rate of poverty, although this may reflect the fact that poor people often use ERs for routine care. There was a very strong association between rates of smoking for COPD and acute lower respiratory diseases. There was an apparent negative association between smoking and asthma ER visits, but this must reflect the fact that smoking was much more common in upstate counties while asthma was more common in the New York City area, where air pollution is high. Air pollution was much greater in urban than in rural areas. Our evidence indicates that air pollution is the greatest risk factor for asthma attacks, whereas smoking is the greatest risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lower respiratory disease. Poor people are more vulnerable to all forms of respiratory diseases. MDPI 2023-02-13 /pmc/articles/PMC9966596/ /pubmed/36833962 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20043267 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Madani, Najm Alsadat
Carpenter, David O.
Patterns of Emergency Room Visits for Respiratory Diseases in New York State in Relation to Air Pollution, Poverty and Smoking
title Patterns of Emergency Room Visits for Respiratory Diseases in New York State in Relation to Air Pollution, Poverty and Smoking
title_full Patterns of Emergency Room Visits for Respiratory Diseases in New York State in Relation to Air Pollution, Poverty and Smoking
title_fullStr Patterns of Emergency Room Visits for Respiratory Diseases in New York State in Relation to Air Pollution, Poverty and Smoking
title_full_unstemmed Patterns of Emergency Room Visits for Respiratory Diseases in New York State in Relation to Air Pollution, Poverty and Smoking
title_short Patterns of Emergency Room Visits for Respiratory Diseases in New York State in Relation to Air Pollution, Poverty and Smoking
title_sort patterns of emergency room visits for respiratory diseases in new york state in relation to air pollution, poverty and smoking
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9966596/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36833962
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20043267
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