Robotic Single-Site Hysterectomy in Gynecologic Benign Pathology: A Systematic Review of the Literature

Background and objectives: Total hysterectomy is one of the most common gynecologic surgical procedures and it is mainly performed for benign pathologies. The introduction of robotic single-site surgery (RSS) as an acceptable alternative to laparoendoscopic surgery combines the advantages of robotics with the aesthetic result of a single incision. This study aims to review the existing literature on a single-site robotic hysterectomy in patients with benign pathologies and verify its safety and feasibility. Materials and Methods: Following the recommendations in the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) statement, FP and AR systematically screened the PubMed, Embase, and Scopus databases. No temporal or geographical limitation was discriminatory. Studies containing data about feasibility and safety were included. Results: From 219, only eight studies met the inclusion criteria, and a total of 212 patients were included with a mean patient age of 45.42 years old (range 28–49.5 years old) and a mean BMI of 25.74 kg/m(2) (range 22–28.5 kg/m(2)). The mean presurgical time, including port placement and docking time, was 15.56 (range 3–30) minutes. Mean console time was reported in six studies and is 83.21 min (range 25–180 min). The mean operative time is 136.6 min (range 60–294 min) and the mean blood loss is 43.68 mL (range 15–300 mL). Only two patients in the total analyzed had intraoperative complications and no conversion to LPT occurred. The median hospital stay was 1.71 days (range 0.96–3.5 days). The postoperative complication rate was estimated at 1.4% (vaginal bleeding). Conclusions: Our review supports the safety and feasibility of robotic single-site hysterectomy for benign gynecological diseases.