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Short-Term Effect of Moderate Level Air Pollution on Outpatient Visits for Multiple Clinic Departments: A Time-Series Analysis in Xi’an China
There is limited evidence concerning the association between air pollution and different outpatient visits in moderately polluted areas. This paper investigates the effects of moderate-level air pollution on outpatient visits associated with six categories of clinic department. We analyzed a total o...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9967132/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36851041 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics11020166 |
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author | Wang, Qingnan Chen, Zhuo Huang, Wei Kou, Bo Li, Jingwei |
author_facet | Wang, Qingnan Chen, Zhuo Huang, Wei Kou, Bo Li, Jingwei |
author_sort | Wang, Qingnan |
collection | PubMed |
description | There is limited evidence concerning the association between air pollution and different outpatient visits in moderately polluted areas. This paper investigates the effects of moderate-level air pollution on outpatient visits associated with six categories of clinic department. We analyzed a total of 1,340,791 outpatient visits for the pediatric, respiratory, ear-nose-throat (ENT), cardiovascular, ophthalmology, and orthopedics departments from January 2016 to December 2018. A distributed lag nonlinear model was used to analyze the associations and was fitted and stratified by age and season (central heating season and nonheating season). We found [Formula: see text] had the largest effect on pediatrics visits (RR = 1.105 (95%CI: 1.090, 1.121)). Meanwhile, [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] had greater effects on ENT visits for people under 50 years old. The results showed a strong association between [Formula: see text] and cardiovascular outpatient visits in the nonheating season (RR = 1.273, 95% CI: 1.189,1.358). The results showed every 10 [Formula: see text] increase in [Formula: see text] was associated with a lower number of respiratory outpatient visits. Significant different associations were observed in [Formula: see text] , [Formula: see text] , CO, and [Formula: see text] on ophthalmology visits between the heating and nonheating seasons. Although no significant association has been found in existing studies, our findings showed [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] were significantly related to orthopedic outpatient visits for people under 60 (RR = 1.063 (95%CI: 1.032, 1.095), RR = 1.055 (95%CI: 1.011, 1.101)). This study also found that the effect-level concentrations of air pollutants for some clinic departments were lower than the national standards, which means that people should also pay more attention when the air quality is normal. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9967132 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-99671322023-02-26 Short-Term Effect of Moderate Level Air Pollution on Outpatient Visits for Multiple Clinic Departments: A Time-Series Analysis in Xi’an China Wang, Qingnan Chen, Zhuo Huang, Wei Kou, Bo Li, Jingwei Toxics Article There is limited evidence concerning the association between air pollution and different outpatient visits in moderately polluted areas. This paper investigates the effects of moderate-level air pollution on outpatient visits associated with six categories of clinic department. We analyzed a total of 1,340,791 outpatient visits for the pediatric, respiratory, ear-nose-throat (ENT), cardiovascular, ophthalmology, and orthopedics departments from January 2016 to December 2018. A distributed lag nonlinear model was used to analyze the associations and was fitted and stratified by age and season (central heating season and nonheating season). We found [Formula: see text] had the largest effect on pediatrics visits (RR = 1.105 (95%CI: 1.090, 1.121)). Meanwhile, [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] had greater effects on ENT visits for people under 50 years old. The results showed a strong association between [Formula: see text] and cardiovascular outpatient visits in the nonheating season (RR = 1.273, 95% CI: 1.189,1.358). The results showed every 10 [Formula: see text] increase in [Formula: see text] was associated with a lower number of respiratory outpatient visits. Significant different associations were observed in [Formula: see text] , [Formula: see text] , CO, and [Formula: see text] on ophthalmology visits between the heating and nonheating seasons. Although no significant association has been found in existing studies, our findings showed [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] were significantly related to orthopedic outpatient visits for people under 60 (RR = 1.063 (95%CI: 1.032, 1.095), RR = 1.055 (95%CI: 1.011, 1.101)). This study also found that the effect-level concentrations of air pollutants for some clinic departments were lower than the national standards, which means that people should also pay more attention when the air quality is normal. MDPI 2023-02-09 /pmc/articles/PMC9967132/ /pubmed/36851041 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics11020166 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Wang, Qingnan Chen, Zhuo Huang, Wei Kou, Bo Li, Jingwei Short-Term Effect of Moderate Level Air Pollution on Outpatient Visits for Multiple Clinic Departments: A Time-Series Analysis in Xi’an China |
title | Short-Term Effect of Moderate Level Air Pollution on Outpatient Visits for Multiple Clinic Departments: A Time-Series Analysis in Xi’an China |
title_full | Short-Term Effect of Moderate Level Air Pollution on Outpatient Visits for Multiple Clinic Departments: A Time-Series Analysis in Xi’an China |
title_fullStr | Short-Term Effect of Moderate Level Air Pollution on Outpatient Visits for Multiple Clinic Departments: A Time-Series Analysis in Xi’an China |
title_full_unstemmed | Short-Term Effect of Moderate Level Air Pollution on Outpatient Visits for Multiple Clinic Departments: A Time-Series Analysis in Xi’an China |
title_short | Short-Term Effect of Moderate Level Air Pollution on Outpatient Visits for Multiple Clinic Departments: A Time-Series Analysis in Xi’an China |
title_sort | short-term effect of moderate level air pollution on outpatient visits for multiple clinic departments: a time-series analysis in xi’an china |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9967132/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36851041 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics11020166 |
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