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Carbonized Leather Waste: A Review and Conductivity Outlook
The carbonization of collagen-based leather waste to nitrogen-containing carbon is reviewed with respect to the preparation, characterization of carbonized products, and applications proposed in the literature. The resulting nitrogen-containing carbons with fibrous morphology have been used as adsor...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9967325/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36850311 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15041028 |
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author | Stejskal, Jaroslav Ngwabebhoh, Fahanwi Asabuwa Sáha, Petr Prokeš, Jan |
author_facet | Stejskal, Jaroslav Ngwabebhoh, Fahanwi Asabuwa Sáha, Petr Prokeš, Jan |
author_sort | Stejskal, Jaroslav |
collection | PubMed |
description | The carbonization of collagen-based leather waste to nitrogen-containing carbon is reviewed with respect to the preparation, characterization of carbonized products, and applications proposed in the literature. The resulting nitrogen-containing carbons with fibrous morphology have been used as adsorbents in water pollution treatment, in electrocatalysis, and especially in electrodes of energy-storage devices, such as supercapacitors and batteries. Although electrical conductivity has been implicitly exploited in many cases, the quantitative determination of this parameter has been addressed in the literature only marginally. In this report, attention has been newly paid to the determination of conductivity and its dependence on carbonization temperature. The resulting powders cannot be compressed into pellets for routine conductivity determination. A new method has been used to follow the resistivity of powders as a function of pressure up to 10 MPa. The conductivity at this pressure increased from 9.4 × 10(−8) S cm(−1) for carbonization at 500 °C to 5.3 S cm(−1) at 1000 °C. The conductivity of the last sample was comparable with conducting polymers such as polypyrrole. The carbonized leather thus has the potential to be used in applications requiring electrical conduction. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9967325 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-99673252023-02-26 Carbonized Leather Waste: A Review and Conductivity Outlook Stejskal, Jaroslav Ngwabebhoh, Fahanwi Asabuwa Sáha, Petr Prokeš, Jan Polymers (Basel) Review The carbonization of collagen-based leather waste to nitrogen-containing carbon is reviewed with respect to the preparation, characterization of carbonized products, and applications proposed in the literature. The resulting nitrogen-containing carbons with fibrous morphology have been used as adsorbents in water pollution treatment, in electrocatalysis, and especially in electrodes of energy-storage devices, such as supercapacitors and batteries. Although electrical conductivity has been implicitly exploited in many cases, the quantitative determination of this parameter has been addressed in the literature only marginally. In this report, attention has been newly paid to the determination of conductivity and its dependence on carbonization temperature. The resulting powders cannot be compressed into pellets for routine conductivity determination. A new method has been used to follow the resistivity of powders as a function of pressure up to 10 MPa. The conductivity at this pressure increased from 9.4 × 10(−8) S cm(−1) for carbonization at 500 °C to 5.3 S cm(−1) at 1000 °C. The conductivity of the last sample was comparable with conducting polymers such as polypyrrole. The carbonized leather thus has the potential to be used in applications requiring electrical conduction. MDPI 2023-02-18 /pmc/articles/PMC9967325/ /pubmed/36850311 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15041028 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Stejskal, Jaroslav Ngwabebhoh, Fahanwi Asabuwa Sáha, Petr Prokeš, Jan Carbonized Leather Waste: A Review and Conductivity Outlook |
title | Carbonized Leather Waste: A Review and Conductivity Outlook |
title_full | Carbonized Leather Waste: A Review and Conductivity Outlook |
title_fullStr | Carbonized Leather Waste: A Review and Conductivity Outlook |
title_full_unstemmed | Carbonized Leather Waste: A Review and Conductivity Outlook |
title_short | Carbonized Leather Waste: A Review and Conductivity Outlook |
title_sort | carbonized leather waste: a review and conductivity outlook |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9967325/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36850311 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15041028 |
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