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Load Estimation of Moving Passenger Cars Using Inductive-Loop Technology
Due to their lack of driving controllability, overweight vehicles are a big threat to road safety. The proposed method for a moving passenger car load estimation is capable of detecting an overweight vehicle, and thus it finds its application in road safety improvement. The weight of a car’s load en...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9967455/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36850661 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23042063 |
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author | Marszalek, Zbigniew Duda, Krzysztof Piwowar, Piotr Stencel, Marek Zeglen, Tadeusz Izydorczyk, Jacek |
author_facet | Marszalek, Zbigniew Duda, Krzysztof Piwowar, Piotr Stencel, Marek Zeglen, Tadeusz Izydorczyk, Jacek |
author_sort | Marszalek, Zbigniew |
collection | PubMed |
description | Due to their lack of driving controllability, overweight vehicles are a big threat to road safety. The proposed method for a moving passenger car load estimation is capable of detecting an overweight vehicle, and thus it finds its application in road safety improvement. The weight of a car’s load entering or leaving a considered zone, e.g., industrial facility, a state, etc., is also of concern in many applications, e.g., surveillance. Dedicated vehicle weight-in-motion measurement systems generally use expensive load sensors that also require deep intervention in the road while being installed and also are calibrated only for heavy trucks. In this paper, a vehicle magnetic profile (VMP) is used for defining a load parameter proportional to the passenger vehicle load. The usefulness of the proposed load parameter is experimentally demonstrated in field tests. The sensitivity of the VMP to the load change results from the fact that the higher load decreases the vehicle clearance value which in turn increases the VMP. It is also shown that a slim inductive-loop sensors allows the building of a load estimation system, with a maximum error around 30 kg, which allows approximate determination of the number of passengers in the car. The presented proof of concept extends the functionality of inductive loops, already installed in the road, for acquiring other traffic parameters, e.g., moving vehicle axle-to-axle distance measurement, to road safety and surveillance related applications. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9967455 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-99674552023-02-27 Load Estimation of Moving Passenger Cars Using Inductive-Loop Technology Marszalek, Zbigniew Duda, Krzysztof Piwowar, Piotr Stencel, Marek Zeglen, Tadeusz Izydorczyk, Jacek Sensors (Basel) Article Due to their lack of driving controllability, overweight vehicles are a big threat to road safety. The proposed method for a moving passenger car load estimation is capable of detecting an overweight vehicle, and thus it finds its application in road safety improvement. The weight of a car’s load entering or leaving a considered zone, e.g., industrial facility, a state, etc., is also of concern in many applications, e.g., surveillance. Dedicated vehicle weight-in-motion measurement systems generally use expensive load sensors that also require deep intervention in the road while being installed and also are calibrated only for heavy trucks. In this paper, a vehicle magnetic profile (VMP) is used for defining a load parameter proportional to the passenger vehicle load. The usefulness of the proposed load parameter is experimentally demonstrated in field tests. The sensitivity of the VMP to the load change results from the fact that the higher load decreases the vehicle clearance value which in turn increases the VMP. It is also shown that a slim inductive-loop sensors allows the building of a load estimation system, with a maximum error around 30 kg, which allows approximate determination of the number of passengers in the car. The presented proof of concept extends the functionality of inductive loops, already installed in the road, for acquiring other traffic parameters, e.g., moving vehicle axle-to-axle distance measurement, to road safety and surveillance related applications. MDPI 2023-02-12 /pmc/articles/PMC9967455/ /pubmed/36850661 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23042063 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Marszalek, Zbigniew Duda, Krzysztof Piwowar, Piotr Stencel, Marek Zeglen, Tadeusz Izydorczyk, Jacek Load Estimation of Moving Passenger Cars Using Inductive-Loop Technology |
title | Load Estimation of Moving Passenger Cars Using Inductive-Loop Technology |
title_full | Load Estimation of Moving Passenger Cars Using Inductive-Loop Technology |
title_fullStr | Load Estimation of Moving Passenger Cars Using Inductive-Loop Technology |
title_full_unstemmed | Load Estimation of Moving Passenger Cars Using Inductive-Loop Technology |
title_short | Load Estimation of Moving Passenger Cars Using Inductive-Loop Technology |
title_sort | load estimation of moving passenger cars using inductive-loop technology |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9967455/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36850661 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23042063 |
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