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Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Activity in Milk May Serve as a Non-Invasive Metabolic Biomarker of Energy Balance in Postpartum Dairy Cows

Negative energy balance (EB) postpartum is associated with adverse outcomes in dairy cows; therefore, non-invasive biomarkers to measure EB are of particular interest. We determined whether specific metabolites, oxidative stress indicators, enzyme activity, and fatty acid (FA) profiles in milk can s...

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Autores principales: Hod, Ayelet, Daddam, Jayasimha Rayalu, Kra, Gitit, Kamer, Hadar, Portnick, Yuri, Moallem, Uzi, Zachut, Maya
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9967546/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36837930
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo13020312
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author Hod, Ayelet
Daddam, Jayasimha Rayalu
Kra, Gitit
Kamer, Hadar
Portnick, Yuri
Moallem, Uzi
Zachut, Maya
author_facet Hod, Ayelet
Daddam, Jayasimha Rayalu
Kra, Gitit
Kamer, Hadar
Portnick, Yuri
Moallem, Uzi
Zachut, Maya
author_sort Hod, Ayelet
collection PubMed
description Negative energy balance (EB) postpartum is associated with adverse outcomes in dairy cows; therefore, non-invasive biomarkers to measure EB are of particular interest. We determined whether specific metabolites, oxidative stress indicators, enzyme activity, and fatty acid (FA) profiles in milk can serve as indicators of negative EB. Forty-two multiparous Holstein dairy cows were divided at calving into 2 groups: one was milked 3 times daily and the other, twice a day for the first 30 d in milk (DIM). Cows were classified retrospectively as being in either negative EB (NEB, n = 19; the mean EB during the first 21 DIM were less than the overall median of −2.8 Mcal/d), or in positive EB (PEB, n = 21; the mean EB was ≥−2.8 Mcal/d). The daily milk yield, feed intake, and body weight were recorded individually. Blood samples were analyzed for metabolites and stress biomarkers. Milk samples were taken twice weekly from 5 to 45 DIM to analyze the milk solids, the FA profile, glucose, glucose-6-P (G6P), G6P-dehydrogenase (G6PDH) activity, malic and lactic acids, malondialdehyde (MDA), and oxygen radical antioxidant capacity (ORAC). The NEB cows produced 10.5% more milk, and consumed 7.6% less dry matter than the PEB cows. The plasma glucose concentration was greater and β-hydroxybutyrate was lower in the PEB vs. the NEB cows. The average concentrations of milk glucose, G6P, malic and lactic acids, and MDA did not differ between groups; however, the G6PDH activity was higher and ORAC tended to be higher in the milk of NEB vs. the PEB cows. The correlation between milk G6PDH activity and EB was significant (r = −0.39). The percentages of oleic acid and total unsaturated FA in milk were higher for the NEB vs. the PEB cows. These findings indicate that G6PDH activity in milk is associated with NEB and that it can serve as a non-invasive candidate biomarker of NEB in postpartum cows, that should be validated in future studies.
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spelling pubmed-99675462023-02-27 Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Activity in Milk May Serve as a Non-Invasive Metabolic Biomarker of Energy Balance in Postpartum Dairy Cows Hod, Ayelet Daddam, Jayasimha Rayalu Kra, Gitit Kamer, Hadar Portnick, Yuri Moallem, Uzi Zachut, Maya Metabolites Article Negative energy balance (EB) postpartum is associated with adverse outcomes in dairy cows; therefore, non-invasive biomarkers to measure EB are of particular interest. We determined whether specific metabolites, oxidative stress indicators, enzyme activity, and fatty acid (FA) profiles in milk can serve as indicators of negative EB. Forty-two multiparous Holstein dairy cows were divided at calving into 2 groups: one was milked 3 times daily and the other, twice a day for the first 30 d in milk (DIM). Cows were classified retrospectively as being in either negative EB (NEB, n = 19; the mean EB during the first 21 DIM were less than the overall median of −2.8 Mcal/d), or in positive EB (PEB, n = 21; the mean EB was ≥−2.8 Mcal/d). The daily milk yield, feed intake, and body weight were recorded individually. Blood samples were analyzed for metabolites and stress biomarkers. Milk samples were taken twice weekly from 5 to 45 DIM to analyze the milk solids, the FA profile, glucose, glucose-6-P (G6P), G6P-dehydrogenase (G6PDH) activity, malic and lactic acids, malondialdehyde (MDA), and oxygen radical antioxidant capacity (ORAC). The NEB cows produced 10.5% more milk, and consumed 7.6% less dry matter than the PEB cows. The plasma glucose concentration was greater and β-hydroxybutyrate was lower in the PEB vs. the NEB cows. The average concentrations of milk glucose, G6P, malic and lactic acids, and MDA did not differ between groups; however, the G6PDH activity was higher and ORAC tended to be higher in the milk of NEB vs. the PEB cows. The correlation between milk G6PDH activity and EB was significant (r = −0.39). The percentages of oleic acid and total unsaturated FA in milk were higher for the NEB vs. the PEB cows. These findings indicate that G6PDH activity in milk is associated with NEB and that it can serve as a non-invasive candidate biomarker of NEB in postpartum cows, that should be validated in future studies. MDPI 2023-02-20 /pmc/articles/PMC9967546/ /pubmed/36837930 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo13020312 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Hod, Ayelet
Daddam, Jayasimha Rayalu
Kra, Gitit
Kamer, Hadar
Portnick, Yuri
Moallem, Uzi
Zachut, Maya
Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Activity in Milk May Serve as a Non-Invasive Metabolic Biomarker of Energy Balance in Postpartum Dairy Cows
title Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Activity in Milk May Serve as a Non-Invasive Metabolic Biomarker of Energy Balance in Postpartum Dairy Cows
title_full Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Activity in Milk May Serve as a Non-Invasive Metabolic Biomarker of Energy Balance in Postpartum Dairy Cows
title_fullStr Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Activity in Milk May Serve as a Non-Invasive Metabolic Biomarker of Energy Balance in Postpartum Dairy Cows
title_full_unstemmed Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Activity in Milk May Serve as a Non-Invasive Metabolic Biomarker of Energy Balance in Postpartum Dairy Cows
title_short Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Activity in Milk May Serve as a Non-Invasive Metabolic Biomarker of Energy Balance in Postpartum Dairy Cows
title_sort glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity in milk may serve as a non-invasive metabolic biomarker of energy balance in postpartum dairy cows
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9967546/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36837930
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo13020312
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