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Crucial Regulatory Role of Organokines in Relation to Metabolic Changes in Non-Diabetic Obesity

Obesity is characterized by an excessive accumulation of fat leading to a plethora of medical complications, including coronary artery disease, hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus or impaired glucose tolerance and dyslipidemia. Formerly, several physiological roles of organokines, including adipo...

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Autores principales: Lőrincz, Hajnalka, Somodi, Sándor, Ratku, Balázs, Harangi, Mariann, Paragh, György
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9967669/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36837889
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo13020270
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author Lőrincz, Hajnalka
Somodi, Sándor
Ratku, Balázs
Harangi, Mariann
Paragh, György
author_facet Lőrincz, Hajnalka
Somodi, Sándor
Ratku, Balázs
Harangi, Mariann
Paragh, György
author_sort Lőrincz, Hajnalka
collection PubMed
description Obesity is characterized by an excessive accumulation of fat leading to a plethora of medical complications, including coronary artery disease, hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus or impaired glucose tolerance and dyslipidemia. Formerly, several physiological roles of organokines, including adipokines, hepatokines, myokines and gut hormones have been described in obesity, especially in the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism, insulin sensitivity, oxidative stress, and low-grade inflammation. The canonical effect of these biologically active peptides and proteins may serve as an intermediate regulatory level that connects the central nervous system and the endocrine, autocrine, and paracrine actions of organs responsible for metabolic and inflammatory processes. Better understanding of the function of this delicately tuned network may provide an explanation for the wide range of obesity phenotypes with remarkable inter-individual differences regarding comorbidities and therapeutic responses. The aim of this review is to demonstrate the role of organokines in the lipid and glucose metabolism focusing on the obese non-diabetic subgroup. We also discuss the latest findings about sarcopenic obesity, which has recently become one of the most relevant metabolic disturbances in the aging population.
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spelling pubmed-99676692023-02-27 Crucial Regulatory Role of Organokines in Relation to Metabolic Changes in Non-Diabetic Obesity Lőrincz, Hajnalka Somodi, Sándor Ratku, Balázs Harangi, Mariann Paragh, György Metabolites Review Obesity is characterized by an excessive accumulation of fat leading to a plethora of medical complications, including coronary artery disease, hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus or impaired glucose tolerance and dyslipidemia. Formerly, several physiological roles of organokines, including adipokines, hepatokines, myokines and gut hormones have been described in obesity, especially in the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism, insulin sensitivity, oxidative stress, and low-grade inflammation. The canonical effect of these biologically active peptides and proteins may serve as an intermediate regulatory level that connects the central nervous system and the endocrine, autocrine, and paracrine actions of organs responsible for metabolic and inflammatory processes. Better understanding of the function of this delicately tuned network may provide an explanation for the wide range of obesity phenotypes with remarkable inter-individual differences regarding comorbidities and therapeutic responses. The aim of this review is to demonstrate the role of organokines in the lipid and glucose metabolism focusing on the obese non-diabetic subgroup. We also discuss the latest findings about sarcopenic obesity, which has recently become one of the most relevant metabolic disturbances in the aging population. MDPI 2023-02-14 /pmc/articles/PMC9967669/ /pubmed/36837889 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo13020270 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Lőrincz, Hajnalka
Somodi, Sándor
Ratku, Balázs
Harangi, Mariann
Paragh, György
Crucial Regulatory Role of Organokines in Relation to Metabolic Changes in Non-Diabetic Obesity
title Crucial Regulatory Role of Organokines in Relation to Metabolic Changes in Non-Diabetic Obesity
title_full Crucial Regulatory Role of Organokines in Relation to Metabolic Changes in Non-Diabetic Obesity
title_fullStr Crucial Regulatory Role of Organokines in Relation to Metabolic Changes in Non-Diabetic Obesity
title_full_unstemmed Crucial Regulatory Role of Organokines in Relation to Metabolic Changes in Non-Diabetic Obesity
title_short Crucial Regulatory Role of Organokines in Relation to Metabolic Changes in Non-Diabetic Obesity
title_sort crucial regulatory role of organokines in relation to metabolic changes in non-diabetic obesity
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9967669/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36837889
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo13020270
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