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COVID-19 impact on opioid overdose after jail release in Massachusetts
INTRODUCTION: Release from incarceration is a high-risk period for opioid overdose. Concern about COVID-19 spread in jails led to early releases; it is unknown whether pandemic era releases of persons with opioid use disorder (OUD) contributed to increases in community overdose rates. METHODS: Obser...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Elsevier
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9968665/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36879616 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dadr.2023.100141 |
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author | Friedmann, Peter D. Dunn, Devon Michener, Pryce Bernson, Dana Stopka, Thomas J. Pivovarova, Ekaterina Ferguson, Warren J. Rottapel, Rebecca Hoskinson, Randall Wilson, Donna Evans, Elizabeth A. |
author_facet | Friedmann, Peter D. Dunn, Devon Michener, Pryce Bernson, Dana Stopka, Thomas J. Pivovarova, Ekaterina Ferguson, Warren J. Rottapel, Rebecca Hoskinson, Randall Wilson, Donna Evans, Elizabeth A. |
author_sort | Friedmann, Peter D. |
collection | PubMed |
description | INTRODUCTION: Release from incarceration is a high-risk period for opioid overdose. Concern about COVID-19 spread in jails led to early releases; it is unknown whether pandemic era releases of persons with opioid use disorder (OUD) contributed to increases in community overdose rates. METHODS: Observational data compared overdose rates three months after release among jailed persons with OUD released before (9/1/2019–3/9/2020) and during the pandemic (3/10/2020–8/10/2020) from seven jails in Massachusetts. Data on overdoses come from the Massachusetts Ambulance Trip Record Information System and Registry of Vital Records Death Certificate file. Other information came from jail administrative data. Logistic models regressed overdose on release period, controlling for MOUD received, county of release, race/ethnicity, sex, age, and prior overdose. RESULTS: Pandemic releases with OUD had a higher risk of fatal overdose (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 3.06; 95% CI, 1.49 to 6.26); 20 persons released with OUD (1.3%) experienced a fatal overdose within three months of release, versus 14 (0.5%) pre-pandemic. MOUD had no detectable relationship with overdose mortality. Pandemic release did not impact non-fatal overdose rates (aOR 0.84; 95% CI 0.60 to 1.18), though in-jail methadone treatment was protective (aOR 0.34; 95% CI 0.18 to 0.67). CONCLUSIONS: Persons with OUD released from jail during the pandemic experienced higher overdose mortality compared to pre-pandemic, but the number of deaths was small. They did not experience significantly different rates of non-fatal overdose. Early jail releases during the pandemic were unlikely to explain much, if any, of the observed increase in community overdoses in Massachusetts. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9968665 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | Elsevier |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-99686652023-02-27 COVID-19 impact on opioid overdose after jail release in Massachusetts Friedmann, Peter D. Dunn, Devon Michener, Pryce Bernson, Dana Stopka, Thomas J. Pivovarova, Ekaterina Ferguson, Warren J. Rottapel, Rebecca Hoskinson, Randall Wilson, Donna Evans, Elizabeth A. Drug Alcohol Depend Rep Full Length Report INTRODUCTION: Release from incarceration is a high-risk period for opioid overdose. Concern about COVID-19 spread in jails led to early releases; it is unknown whether pandemic era releases of persons with opioid use disorder (OUD) contributed to increases in community overdose rates. METHODS: Observational data compared overdose rates three months after release among jailed persons with OUD released before (9/1/2019–3/9/2020) and during the pandemic (3/10/2020–8/10/2020) from seven jails in Massachusetts. Data on overdoses come from the Massachusetts Ambulance Trip Record Information System and Registry of Vital Records Death Certificate file. Other information came from jail administrative data. Logistic models regressed overdose on release period, controlling for MOUD received, county of release, race/ethnicity, sex, age, and prior overdose. RESULTS: Pandemic releases with OUD had a higher risk of fatal overdose (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 3.06; 95% CI, 1.49 to 6.26); 20 persons released with OUD (1.3%) experienced a fatal overdose within three months of release, versus 14 (0.5%) pre-pandemic. MOUD had no detectable relationship with overdose mortality. Pandemic release did not impact non-fatal overdose rates (aOR 0.84; 95% CI 0.60 to 1.18), though in-jail methadone treatment was protective (aOR 0.34; 95% CI 0.18 to 0.67). CONCLUSIONS: Persons with OUD released from jail during the pandemic experienced higher overdose mortality compared to pre-pandemic, but the number of deaths was small. They did not experience significantly different rates of non-fatal overdose. Early jail releases during the pandemic were unlikely to explain much, if any, of the observed increase in community overdoses in Massachusetts. Elsevier 2023-02-27 /pmc/articles/PMC9968665/ /pubmed/36879616 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dadr.2023.100141 Text en © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Full Length Report Friedmann, Peter D. Dunn, Devon Michener, Pryce Bernson, Dana Stopka, Thomas J. Pivovarova, Ekaterina Ferguson, Warren J. Rottapel, Rebecca Hoskinson, Randall Wilson, Donna Evans, Elizabeth A. COVID-19 impact on opioid overdose after jail release in Massachusetts |
title | COVID-19 impact on opioid overdose after jail release in Massachusetts |
title_full | COVID-19 impact on opioid overdose after jail release in Massachusetts |
title_fullStr | COVID-19 impact on opioid overdose after jail release in Massachusetts |
title_full_unstemmed | COVID-19 impact on opioid overdose after jail release in Massachusetts |
title_short | COVID-19 impact on opioid overdose after jail release in Massachusetts |
title_sort | covid-19 impact on opioid overdose after jail release in massachusetts |
topic | Full Length Report |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9968665/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36879616 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dadr.2023.100141 |
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