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What do we currently know about Novichoks? The state of the art

Novichok is the name given to the group of nerve agents created stealthily in the later phases of the Cold War by the Soviet Union. Constitute the fourth generation of chemical warfare agents; like other nerve agents, they are organophosphorus compounds designed to be incurable and undetectable. The...

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Autores principales: Noga, Maciej, Jurowski, Kamil
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9968692/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36583745
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00204-022-03437-5
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Jurowski, Kamil
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Jurowski, Kamil
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description Novichok is the name given to the group of nerve agents created stealthily in the later phases of the Cold War by the Soviet Union. Constitute the fourth generation of chemical warfare agents; like other nerve agents, they are organophosphorus compounds designed to be incurable and undetectable. The mechanism of action is based on the non-competitive and irreversible inhibition of acetylcholinesterase. Due to their enormous toxicity, Novichoks have become attractive targets for terrorists. However, little information is known about the identity of nerve agents. Furthermore, these compounds have never been submitted to the Chemical Weapons Convention. Our article aspires to provide a general overview of Novichoks knowledge. As part of this, we reviewed the available literature data to answer the question, what are Novichoks? In addition to the physical and chemical properties of A-agents, synthesis, mechanism of action, and toxicity of nerve agents were also reviewed. We hope that this review will highlight the tremendous threat posed by nerve agents and will inspire further studies on the interdisciplinary aspects of these compounds.
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spelling pubmed-99686922023-02-28 What do we currently know about Novichoks? The state of the art Noga, Maciej Jurowski, Kamil Arch Toxicol Review Article Novichok is the name given to the group of nerve agents created stealthily in the later phases of the Cold War by the Soviet Union. Constitute the fourth generation of chemical warfare agents; like other nerve agents, they are organophosphorus compounds designed to be incurable and undetectable. The mechanism of action is based on the non-competitive and irreversible inhibition of acetylcholinesterase. Due to their enormous toxicity, Novichoks have become attractive targets for terrorists. However, little information is known about the identity of nerve agents. Furthermore, these compounds have never been submitted to the Chemical Weapons Convention. Our article aspires to provide a general overview of Novichoks knowledge. As part of this, we reviewed the available literature data to answer the question, what are Novichoks? In addition to the physical and chemical properties of A-agents, synthesis, mechanism of action, and toxicity of nerve agents were also reviewed. We hope that this review will highlight the tremendous threat posed by nerve agents and will inspire further studies on the interdisciplinary aspects of these compounds. Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2022-12-30 2023 /pmc/articles/PMC9968692/ /pubmed/36583745 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00204-022-03437-5 Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Review Article
Noga, Maciej
Jurowski, Kamil
What do we currently know about Novichoks? The state of the art
title What do we currently know about Novichoks? The state of the art
title_full What do we currently know about Novichoks? The state of the art
title_fullStr What do we currently know about Novichoks? The state of the art
title_full_unstemmed What do we currently know about Novichoks? The state of the art
title_short What do we currently know about Novichoks? The state of the art
title_sort what do we currently know about novichoks? the state of the art
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9968692/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36583745
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00204-022-03437-5
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