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The effect of growth hormone on the metabolome of follicular fluid in patients with diminished ovarian reserve
BACKGROUND: Increasing evidence supports that the co-treatment with growth hormone (GH) enhances ovarian response and oocyte quality during controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) in patients with diminished ovarian reserve (DOR). The composition of follicular fluid (FF) plays an essential role in oocy...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9969693/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36849898 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12958-023-01073-x |
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author | He, Fan Wang, Fang Yang, Yang Yuan, Zhi Sun, Chengguang Zou, Heng Chen, Huijia Yi, Hongliang Gao, Shan Hu Zhang, Shen Hu, Lina Han, Ting-li |
author_facet | He, Fan Wang, Fang Yang, Yang Yuan, Zhi Sun, Chengguang Zou, Heng Chen, Huijia Yi, Hongliang Gao, Shan Hu Zhang, Shen Hu, Lina Han, Ting-li |
author_sort | He, Fan |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Increasing evidence supports that the co-treatment with growth hormone (GH) enhances ovarian response and oocyte quality during controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) in patients with diminished ovarian reserve (DOR). The composition of follicular fluid (FF) plays an essential role in oocyte development and mirrors the communication occurring between the oocyte and follicular microenvironment. However, the effect of GH on the FF metabolome remains unclear. METHODS: This prospective observational study recruited DOR patients undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles with minimal stimulation protocol for COS. Each patient receiving GH co-treatment was matched to a patient without GH co-treatment by propensity score matching. The FF was collected after isolating oocytes and assayed by gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) metabolomics. The Pearson correlation was performed to evaluate the relationship between the number of oocytes retrieved and the levels of differential metabolites. The KEGG database was used to map differential metabolites onto various metabolic pathways. RESULTS: One hundred thirty-four FF metabolites were identified by GC-MS metabolomics. Twenty-four metabolites, including glutathione, itaconic acid and S-adenosylmethionin (SAM) showed significant differences between the GH and control groups (p-value < 0.05 and q-value < 0.1). In addition, the number of oocytes retrieved was significantly higher in the GH group compared to the control group (3 vs 2, p = 0.04) and correlated with the levels of five differential metabolites. Among them, the levels of antioxidant metabolite itaconic acid were upregulated by GH administration, while SAM levels were downregulated. CONCLUSIONS: The co-treatment with GH during COS may improve oocyte development by altering FF metabolite profiles in DOR patients. However, given the downregulation of SAM, a regulator of genomic imprinting, the potential risk of imprinting disturbances should not be neglected. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12958-023-01073-x. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9969693 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-99696932023-02-28 The effect of growth hormone on the metabolome of follicular fluid in patients with diminished ovarian reserve He, Fan Wang, Fang Yang, Yang Yuan, Zhi Sun, Chengguang Zou, Heng Chen, Huijia Yi, Hongliang Gao, Shan Hu Zhang, Shen Hu, Lina Han, Ting-li Reprod Biol Endocrinol Research BACKGROUND: Increasing evidence supports that the co-treatment with growth hormone (GH) enhances ovarian response and oocyte quality during controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) in patients with diminished ovarian reserve (DOR). The composition of follicular fluid (FF) plays an essential role in oocyte development and mirrors the communication occurring between the oocyte and follicular microenvironment. However, the effect of GH on the FF metabolome remains unclear. METHODS: This prospective observational study recruited DOR patients undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles with minimal stimulation protocol for COS. Each patient receiving GH co-treatment was matched to a patient without GH co-treatment by propensity score matching. The FF was collected after isolating oocytes and assayed by gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) metabolomics. The Pearson correlation was performed to evaluate the relationship between the number of oocytes retrieved and the levels of differential metabolites. The KEGG database was used to map differential metabolites onto various metabolic pathways. RESULTS: One hundred thirty-four FF metabolites were identified by GC-MS metabolomics. Twenty-four metabolites, including glutathione, itaconic acid and S-adenosylmethionin (SAM) showed significant differences between the GH and control groups (p-value < 0.05 and q-value < 0.1). In addition, the number of oocytes retrieved was significantly higher in the GH group compared to the control group (3 vs 2, p = 0.04) and correlated with the levels of five differential metabolites. Among them, the levels of antioxidant metabolite itaconic acid were upregulated by GH administration, while SAM levels were downregulated. CONCLUSIONS: The co-treatment with GH during COS may improve oocyte development by altering FF metabolite profiles in DOR patients. However, given the downregulation of SAM, a regulator of genomic imprinting, the potential risk of imprinting disturbances should not be neglected. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12958-023-01073-x. BioMed Central 2023-02-27 /pmc/articles/PMC9969693/ /pubmed/36849898 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12958-023-01073-x Text en © The Author(s) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. |
spellingShingle | Research He, Fan Wang, Fang Yang, Yang Yuan, Zhi Sun, Chengguang Zou, Heng Chen, Huijia Yi, Hongliang Gao, Shan Hu Zhang, Shen Hu, Lina Han, Ting-li The effect of growth hormone on the metabolome of follicular fluid in patients with diminished ovarian reserve |
title | The effect of growth hormone on the metabolome of follicular fluid in patients with diminished ovarian reserve |
title_full | The effect of growth hormone on the metabolome of follicular fluid in patients with diminished ovarian reserve |
title_fullStr | The effect of growth hormone on the metabolome of follicular fluid in patients with diminished ovarian reserve |
title_full_unstemmed | The effect of growth hormone on the metabolome of follicular fluid in patients with diminished ovarian reserve |
title_short | The effect of growth hormone on the metabolome of follicular fluid in patients with diminished ovarian reserve |
title_sort | effect of growth hormone on the metabolome of follicular fluid in patients with diminished ovarian reserve |
topic | Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9969693/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36849898 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12958-023-01073-x |
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