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Using spontaneous eye blink-related brain activity to investigate cognitive load during mobile map-assisted navigation
The continuous assessment of pedestrians’ cognitive load during a naturalistic mobile map-assisted navigation task is challenging because of limited experimental control over stimulus presentation, human-map-interactions, and other participant responses. To overcome this challenge, the present study...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9971562/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36866330 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2023.1024583 |
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author | Cheng, Bingjie Lin, Enru Wunderlich, Anna Gramann, Klaus Fabrikant, Sara I. |
author_facet | Cheng, Bingjie Lin, Enru Wunderlich, Anna Gramann, Klaus Fabrikant, Sara I. |
author_sort | Cheng, Bingjie |
collection | PubMed |
description | The continuous assessment of pedestrians’ cognitive load during a naturalistic mobile map-assisted navigation task is challenging because of limited experimental control over stimulus presentation, human-map-interactions, and other participant responses. To overcome this challenge, the present study takes advantage of navigators’ spontaneous eye blinks during navigation to serve as event markers in continuously recorded electroencephalography (EEG) data to assess cognitive load in a mobile map-assisted navigation task. We examined if and how displaying different numbers of landmarks (3 vs. 5 vs. 7) on mobile maps along a given route would influence navigators’ cognitive load during navigation in virtual urban environments. Cognitive load was assessed by the peak amplitudes of the blink-related fronto-central N2 and parieto-occipital P3. Our results show increased parieto-occipital P3 amplitude indicating higher cognitive load in the 7-landmark condition, compared to showing 3 or 5 landmarks. Our prior research already demonstrated that participants acquire more spatial knowledge in the 5- and 7-landmark conditions compared to the 3-landmark condition. Together with the current study, we find that showing 5 landmarks, compared to 3 or 7 landmarks, improved spatial learning without overtaxing cognitive load during navigation in different urban environments. Our findings also indicate a possible cognitive load spillover effect during map-assisted wayfinding whereby cognitive load during map viewing might have affected cognitive load during goal-directed locomotion in the environment or vice versa. Our research demonstrates that users’ cognitive load and spatial learning should be considered together when designing the display of future navigation aids and that navigators’ eye blinks can serve as useful event makers to parse continuous human brain dynamics reflecting cognitive load in naturalistic settings. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9971562 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-99715622023-03-01 Using spontaneous eye blink-related brain activity to investigate cognitive load during mobile map-assisted navigation Cheng, Bingjie Lin, Enru Wunderlich, Anna Gramann, Klaus Fabrikant, Sara I. Front Neurosci Neuroscience The continuous assessment of pedestrians’ cognitive load during a naturalistic mobile map-assisted navigation task is challenging because of limited experimental control over stimulus presentation, human-map-interactions, and other participant responses. To overcome this challenge, the present study takes advantage of navigators’ spontaneous eye blinks during navigation to serve as event markers in continuously recorded electroencephalography (EEG) data to assess cognitive load in a mobile map-assisted navigation task. We examined if and how displaying different numbers of landmarks (3 vs. 5 vs. 7) on mobile maps along a given route would influence navigators’ cognitive load during navigation in virtual urban environments. Cognitive load was assessed by the peak amplitudes of the blink-related fronto-central N2 and parieto-occipital P3. Our results show increased parieto-occipital P3 amplitude indicating higher cognitive load in the 7-landmark condition, compared to showing 3 or 5 landmarks. Our prior research already demonstrated that participants acquire more spatial knowledge in the 5- and 7-landmark conditions compared to the 3-landmark condition. Together with the current study, we find that showing 5 landmarks, compared to 3 or 7 landmarks, improved spatial learning without overtaxing cognitive load during navigation in different urban environments. Our findings also indicate a possible cognitive load spillover effect during map-assisted wayfinding whereby cognitive load during map viewing might have affected cognitive load during goal-directed locomotion in the environment or vice versa. Our research demonstrates that users’ cognitive load and spatial learning should be considered together when designing the display of future navigation aids and that navigators’ eye blinks can serve as useful event makers to parse continuous human brain dynamics reflecting cognitive load in naturalistic settings. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-02-14 /pmc/articles/PMC9971562/ /pubmed/36866330 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2023.1024583 Text en Copyright © 2023 Cheng, Lin, Wunderlich, Gramann and Fabrikant. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Neuroscience Cheng, Bingjie Lin, Enru Wunderlich, Anna Gramann, Klaus Fabrikant, Sara I. Using spontaneous eye blink-related brain activity to investigate cognitive load during mobile map-assisted navigation |
title | Using spontaneous eye blink-related brain activity to investigate cognitive load during mobile map-assisted navigation |
title_full | Using spontaneous eye blink-related brain activity to investigate cognitive load during mobile map-assisted navigation |
title_fullStr | Using spontaneous eye blink-related brain activity to investigate cognitive load during mobile map-assisted navigation |
title_full_unstemmed | Using spontaneous eye blink-related brain activity to investigate cognitive load during mobile map-assisted navigation |
title_short | Using spontaneous eye blink-related brain activity to investigate cognitive load during mobile map-assisted navigation |
title_sort | using spontaneous eye blink-related brain activity to investigate cognitive load during mobile map-assisted navigation |
topic | Neuroscience |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9971562/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36866330 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2023.1024583 |
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