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Virology under the Microscope—a Call for Rational Discourse

Viruses have brought humanity many challenges: respiratory infection, cancer, neurological impairment and immunosuppression to name a few. Virology research over the last 60+ years has responded to reduce this disease burden with vaccines and antivirals. Despite this long history, the COVID-19 pande...

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Autores principales: Goodrum, Felicia, Lowen, Anice C., Lakdawala, Seema, Alwine, James, Casadevall, Arturo, Imperiale, Michael J., Atwood, Walter, Avgousti, Daphne, Baines, Joel, Banfield, Bruce, Banks, Lawrence, Bhaduri-McIntosh, Sumita, Bhattacharya, Deepta, Blanco-Melo, Daniel, Bloom, David, Boon, Adrianus, Boulant, Steeve, Brandt, Curtis, Broadbent, Andrew, Brooke, Christopher, Cameron, Craig, Campos, Samuel, Caposio, Patrizia, Chan, Gary, Cliffe, Anna, Coffin, John, Collins, Kathleen, Damania, Blossom, Daugherty, Matthew, Debbink, Kari, DeCaprio, James, Dermody, Terence, Dikeakos, Jimmy, DiMaio, Daniel, Dinglasan, Rhoel, Duprex, W. Paul, Dutch, Rebecca, Elde, Nels, Emerman, Michael, Enquist, Lynn, Fane, Bentley, Fernandez-Sesma, Ana, Flenniken, Michelle, Frappier, Lori, Frieman, Matthew, Frueh, Klaus, Gack, Michaela, Gaglia, Marta, Gallagher, Tom, Galloway, Denise, García-Sastre, Adolfo, Geballe, Adam, Glaunsinger, Britt, Goff, Stephen, Greninger, Alexander, Hancock, Meaghan, Harris, Eva, Heaton, Nicholas, Heise, Mark, Heldwein, Ekaterina, Hogue, Brenda, Horner, Stacy, Hutchinson, Edward, Hyser, Joseph, Jackson, William, Kalejta, Robert, Kamil, Jeremy, Karst, Stephanie, Kirchhoff, Frank, Knipe, David, Kowalik, Timothy, Lagunoff, Michael, Laimins, Laimonis, Langlois, Ryan, Lauring, Adam, Lee, Benhur, Leib, David, Liu, Shan-Lu, Longnecker, Richard, Lopez, Carolina, Luftig, Micah, Lund, Jennifer, Manicassamy, Balaji, McFadden, Grant, McIntosh, Michael, Mehle, Andrew, Miller, W. Allen, Mohr, Ian, Moody, Cary, Moorman, Nathaniel, Moscona, Anne, Mounce, Bryan, Munger, Joshua, Münger, Karl, Murphy, Eain, Naghavi, Mojgan, Nelson, Jay, Neufeldt, Christopher, Nikolich, Janko, O'Connor, Christine, Ono, Akira, Orenstein, Walter, Ornelles, David, Ou, Jing-hsiung, Parker, John, Parrish, Colin, Pekosz, Andrew, Pellett, Philip, Pfeiffer, Julie, Plemper, Richard, Polyak, Stephen, Purdy, John, Pyeon, Dohun, Quinones-Mateu, Miguel, Renne, Rolf, Rice, Charles, Schoggins, John, Roller, Richard, Russell, Charles, Sandri-Goldin, Rozanne, Sapp, Martin, Schang, Luis, Schmid, Scott, Schultz-Cherry, Stacey, Semler, Bert, Shenk, Thomas, Silvestri, Guido, Simon, Viviana, Smith, Gregory, Smith, Jason, Spindler, Katherine, Stanifer, Megan, Subbarao, Kanta, Sundquist, Wesley, Suthar, Mehul, Sutton, Troy, Tai, Andrew, Tarakanova, Vera, tenOever, Benjamin, Tibbetts, Scott, Tompkins, Stephen, Toth, Zsolt, van Doorslaer, Koenraad, Vignuzzi, Marco, Wallace, Nicholas, Walsh, Derek, Weekes, Michael, Weinberg, Jason, Weitzman, Matthew, Weller, Sandra, Whelan, Sean, White, Elizabeth, Williams, Bryan, Wobus, Christiane, Wong, Scott, Yurochko, Andrew
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: American Society for Microbiology 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9972907/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36700640
http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.00089-23
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author Goodrum, Felicia
Lowen, Anice C.
Lakdawala, Seema
Alwine, James
Casadevall, Arturo
Imperiale, Michael J.
Atwood, Walter
Avgousti, Daphne
Baines, Joel
Banfield, Bruce
Banks, Lawrence
Bhaduri-McIntosh, Sumita
Bhattacharya, Deepta
Blanco-Melo, Daniel
Bloom, David
Boon, Adrianus
Boulant, Steeve
Brandt, Curtis
Broadbent, Andrew
Brooke, Christopher
Cameron, Craig
Campos, Samuel
Caposio, Patrizia
Chan, Gary
Cliffe, Anna
Coffin, John
Collins, Kathleen
Damania, Blossom
Daugherty, Matthew
Debbink, Kari
DeCaprio, James
Dermody, Terence
Dikeakos, Jimmy
DiMaio, Daniel
Dinglasan, Rhoel
Duprex, W. Paul
Dutch, Rebecca
Elde, Nels
Emerman, Michael
Enquist, Lynn
Fane, Bentley
Fernandez-Sesma, Ana
Flenniken, Michelle
Frappier, Lori
Frieman, Matthew
Frueh, Klaus
Gack, Michaela
Gaglia, Marta
Gallagher, Tom
Galloway, Denise
García-Sastre, Adolfo
Geballe, Adam
Glaunsinger, Britt
Goff, Stephen
Greninger, Alexander
Hancock, Meaghan
Harris, Eva
Heaton, Nicholas
Heise, Mark
Heldwein, Ekaterina
Hogue, Brenda
Horner, Stacy
Hutchinson, Edward
Hyser, Joseph
Jackson, William
Kalejta, Robert
Kamil, Jeremy
Karst, Stephanie
Kirchhoff, Frank
Knipe, David
Kowalik, Timothy
Lagunoff, Michael
Laimins, Laimonis
Langlois, Ryan
Lauring, Adam
Lee, Benhur
Leib, David
Liu, Shan-Lu
Longnecker, Richard
Lopez, Carolina
Luftig, Micah
Lund, Jennifer
Manicassamy, Balaji
McFadden, Grant
McIntosh, Michael
Mehle, Andrew
Miller, W. Allen
Mohr, Ian
Moody, Cary
Moorman, Nathaniel
Moscona, Anne
Mounce, Bryan
Munger, Joshua
Münger, Karl
Murphy, Eain
Naghavi, Mojgan
Nelson, Jay
Neufeldt, Christopher
Nikolich, Janko
O'Connor, Christine
Ono, Akira
Orenstein, Walter
Ornelles, David
Ou, Jing-hsiung
Parker, John
Parrish, Colin
Pekosz, Andrew
Pellett, Philip
Pfeiffer, Julie
Plemper, Richard
Polyak, Stephen
Purdy, John
Pyeon, Dohun
Quinones-Mateu, Miguel
Renne, Rolf
Rice, Charles
Schoggins, John
Roller, Richard
Russell, Charles
Sandri-Goldin, Rozanne
Sapp, Martin
Schang, Luis
Schmid, Scott
Schultz-Cherry, Stacey
Semler, Bert
Shenk, Thomas
Silvestri, Guido
Simon, Viviana
Smith, Gregory
Smith, Jason
Spindler, Katherine
Stanifer, Megan
Subbarao, Kanta
Sundquist, Wesley
Suthar, Mehul
Sutton, Troy
Tai, Andrew
Tarakanova, Vera
tenOever, Benjamin
Tibbetts, Scott
Tompkins, Stephen
Toth, Zsolt
van Doorslaer, Koenraad
Vignuzzi, Marco
Wallace, Nicholas
Walsh, Derek
Weekes, Michael
Weinberg, Jason
Weitzman, Matthew
Weller, Sandra
Whelan, Sean
White, Elizabeth
Williams, Bryan
Wobus, Christiane
Wong, Scott
Yurochko, Andrew
author_facet Goodrum, Felicia
Lowen, Anice C.
Lakdawala, Seema
Alwine, James
Casadevall, Arturo
Imperiale, Michael J.
Atwood, Walter
Avgousti, Daphne
Baines, Joel
Banfield, Bruce
Banks, Lawrence
Bhaduri-McIntosh, Sumita
Bhattacharya, Deepta
Blanco-Melo, Daniel
Bloom, David
Boon, Adrianus
Boulant, Steeve
Brandt, Curtis
Broadbent, Andrew
Brooke, Christopher
Cameron, Craig
Campos, Samuel
Caposio, Patrizia
Chan, Gary
Cliffe, Anna
Coffin, John
Collins, Kathleen
Damania, Blossom
Daugherty, Matthew
Debbink, Kari
DeCaprio, James
Dermody, Terence
Dikeakos, Jimmy
DiMaio, Daniel
Dinglasan, Rhoel
Duprex, W. Paul
Dutch, Rebecca
Elde, Nels
Emerman, Michael
Enquist, Lynn
Fane, Bentley
Fernandez-Sesma, Ana
Flenniken, Michelle
Frappier, Lori
Frieman, Matthew
Frueh, Klaus
Gack, Michaela
Gaglia, Marta
Gallagher, Tom
Galloway, Denise
García-Sastre, Adolfo
Geballe, Adam
Glaunsinger, Britt
Goff, Stephen
Greninger, Alexander
Hancock, Meaghan
Harris, Eva
Heaton, Nicholas
Heise, Mark
Heldwein, Ekaterina
Hogue, Brenda
Horner, Stacy
Hutchinson, Edward
Hyser, Joseph
Jackson, William
Kalejta, Robert
Kamil, Jeremy
Karst, Stephanie
Kirchhoff, Frank
Knipe, David
Kowalik, Timothy
Lagunoff, Michael
Laimins, Laimonis
Langlois, Ryan
Lauring, Adam
Lee, Benhur
Leib, David
Liu, Shan-Lu
Longnecker, Richard
Lopez, Carolina
Luftig, Micah
Lund, Jennifer
Manicassamy, Balaji
McFadden, Grant
McIntosh, Michael
Mehle, Andrew
Miller, W. Allen
Mohr, Ian
Moody, Cary
Moorman, Nathaniel
Moscona, Anne
Mounce, Bryan
Munger, Joshua
Münger, Karl
Murphy, Eain
Naghavi, Mojgan
Nelson, Jay
Neufeldt, Christopher
Nikolich, Janko
O'Connor, Christine
Ono, Akira
Orenstein, Walter
Ornelles, David
Ou, Jing-hsiung
Parker, John
Parrish, Colin
Pekosz, Andrew
Pellett, Philip
Pfeiffer, Julie
Plemper, Richard
Polyak, Stephen
Purdy, John
Pyeon, Dohun
Quinones-Mateu, Miguel
Renne, Rolf
Rice, Charles
Schoggins, John
Roller, Richard
Russell, Charles
Sandri-Goldin, Rozanne
Sapp, Martin
Schang, Luis
Schmid, Scott
Schultz-Cherry, Stacey
Semler, Bert
Shenk, Thomas
Silvestri, Guido
Simon, Viviana
Smith, Gregory
Smith, Jason
Spindler, Katherine
Stanifer, Megan
Subbarao, Kanta
Sundquist, Wesley
Suthar, Mehul
Sutton, Troy
Tai, Andrew
Tarakanova, Vera
tenOever, Benjamin
Tibbetts, Scott
Tompkins, Stephen
Toth, Zsolt
van Doorslaer, Koenraad
Vignuzzi, Marco
Wallace, Nicholas
Walsh, Derek
Weekes, Michael
Weinberg, Jason
Weitzman, Matthew
Weller, Sandra
Whelan, Sean
White, Elizabeth
Williams, Bryan
Wobus, Christiane
Wong, Scott
Yurochko, Andrew
author_sort Goodrum, Felicia
collection PubMed
description Viruses have brought humanity many challenges: respiratory infection, cancer, neurological impairment and immunosuppression to name a few. Virology research over the last 60+ years has responded to reduce this disease burden with vaccines and antivirals. Despite this long history, the COVID-19 pandemic has brought unprecedented attention to the field of virology. Some of this attention is focused on concern about the safe conduct of research with human pathogens. A small but vocal group of individuals has seized upon these concerns – conflating legitimate questions about safely conducting virus-related research with uncertainties over the origins of SARS-CoV-2. The result has fueled public confusion and, in many instances, ill-informed condemnation of virology. With this article, we seek to promote a return to rational discourse. We explain the use of gain-of-function approaches in science, discuss the possible origins of SARS-CoV-2 and outline current regulatory structures that provide oversight for virological research in the United States. By offering our expertise, we – a broad group of working virologists – seek to aid policy makers in navigating these controversial issues. Balanced, evidence-based discourse is essential to addressing public concern while maintaining and expanding much-needed research in virology.
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spelling pubmed-99729072023-03-01 Virology under the Microscope—a Call for Rational Discourse Goodrum, Felicia Lowen, Anice C. Lakdawala, Seema Alwine, James Casadevall, Arturo Imperiale, Michael J. Atwood, Walter Avgousti, Daphne Baines, Joel Banfield, Bruce Banks, Lawrence Bhaduri-McIntosh, Sumita Bhattacharya, Deepta Blanco-Melo, Daniel Bloom, David Boon, Adrianus Boulant, Steeve Brandt, Curtis Broadbent, Andrew Brooke, Christopher Cameron, Craig Campos, Samuel Caposio, Patrizia Chan, Gary Cliffe, Anna Coffin, John Collins, Kathleen Damania, Blossom Daugherty, Matthew Debbink, Kari DeCaprio, James Dermody, Terence Dikeakos, Jimmy DiMaio, Daniel Dinglasan, Rhoel Duprex, W. Paul Dutch, Rebecca Elde, Nels Emerman, Michael Enquist, Lynn Fane, Bentley Fernandez-Sesma, Ana Flenniken, Michelle Frappier, Lori Frieman, Matthew Frueh, Klaus Gack, Michaela Gaglia, Marta Gallagher, Tom Galloway, Denise García-Sastre, Adolfo Geballe, Adam Glaunsinger, Britt Goff, Stephen Greninger, Alexander Hancock, Meaghan Harris, Eva Heaton, Nicholas Heise, Mark Heldwein, Ekaterina Hogue, Brenda Horner, Stacy Hutchinson, Edward Hyser, Joseph Jackson, William Kalejta, Robert Kamil, Jeremy Karst, Stephanie Kirchhoff, Frank Knipe, David Kowalik, Timothy Lagunoff, Michael Laimins, Laimonis Langlois, Ryan Lauring, Adam Lee, Benhur Leib, David Liu, Shan-Lu Longnecker, Richard Lopez, Carolina Luftig, Micah Lund, Jennifer Manicassamy, Balaji McFadden, Grant McIntosh, Michael Mehle, Andrew Miller, W. Allen Mohr, Ian Moody, Cary Moorman, Nathaniel Moscona, Anne Mounce, Bryan Munger, Joshua Münger, Karl Murphy, Eain Naghavi, Mojgan Nelson, Jay Neufeldt, Christopher Nikolich, Janko O'Connor, Christine Ono, Akira Orenstein, Walter Ornelles, David Ou, Jing-hsiung Parker, John Parrish, Colin Pekosz, Andrew Pellett, Philip Pfeiffer, Julie Plemper, Richard Polyak, Stephen Purdy, John Pyeon, Dohun Quinones-Mateu, Miguel Renne, Rolf Rice, Charles Schoggins, John Roller, Richard Russell, Charles Sandri-Goldin, Rozanne Sapp, Martin Schang, Luis Schmid, Scott Schultz-Cherry, Stacey Semler, Bert Shenk, Thomas Silvestri, Guido Simon, Viviana Smith, Gregory Smith, Jason Spindler, Katherine Stanifer, Megan Subbarao, Kanta Sundquist, Wesley Suthar, Mehul Sutton, Troy Tai, Andrew Tarakanova, Vera tenOever, Benjamin Tibbetts, Scott Tompkins, Stephen Toth, Zsolt van Doorslaer, Koenraad Vignuzzi, Marco Wallace, Nicholas Walsh, Derek Weekes, Michael Weinberg, Jason Weitzman, Matthew Weller, Sandra Whelan, Sean White, Elizabeth Williams, Bryan Wobus, Christiane Wong, Scott Yurochko, Andrew J Virol Commentary Viruses have brought humanity many challenges: respiratory infection, cancer, neurological impairment and immunosuppression to name a few. Virology research over the last 60+ years has responded to reduce this disease burden with vaccines and antivirals. Despite this long history, the COVID-19 pandemic has brought unprecedented attention to the field of virology. Some of this attention is focused on concern about the safe conduct of research with human pathogens. A small but vocal group of individuals has seized upon these concerns – conflating legitimate questions about safely conducting virus-related research with uncertainties over the origins of SARS-CoV-2. The result has fueled public confusion and, in many instances, ill-informed condemnation of virology. With this article, we seek to promote a return to rational discourse. We explain the use of gain-of-function approaches in science, discuss the possible origins of SARS-CoV-2 and outline current regulatory structures that provide oversight for virological research in the United States. By offering our expertise, we – a broad group of working virologists – seek to aid policy makers in navigating these controversial issues. Balanced, evidence-based discourse is essential to addressing public concern while maintaining and expanding much-needed research in virology. American Society for Microbiology 2023-01-26 /pmc/articles/PMC9972907/ /pubmed/36700640 http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.00089-23 Text en Copyright © 2023 Goodrum et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Commentary
Goodrum, Felicia
Lowen, Anice C.
Lakdawala, Seema
Alwine, James
Casadevall, Arturo
Imperiale, Michael J.
Atwood, Walter
Avgousti, Daphne
Baines, Joel
Banfield, Bruce
Banks, Lawrence
Bhaduri-McIntosh, Sumita
Bhattacharya, Deepta
Blanco-Melo, Daniel
Bloom, David
Boon, Adrianus
Boulant, Steeve
Brandt, Curtis
Broadbent, Andrew
Brooke, Christopher
Cameron, Craig
Campos, Samuel
Caposio, Patrizia
Chan, Gary
Cliffe, Anna
Coffin, John
Collins, Kathleen
Damania, Blossom
Daugherty, Matthew
Debbink, Kari
DeCaprio, James
Dermody, Terence
Dikeakos, Jimmy
DiMaio, Daniel
Dinglasan, Rhoel
Duprex, W. Paul
Dutch, Rebecca
Elde, Nels
Emerman, Michael
Enquist, Lynn
Fane, Bentley
Fernandez-Sesma, Ana
Flenniken, Michelle
Frappier, Lori
Frieman, Matthew
Frueh, Klaus
Gack, Michaela
Gaglia, Marta
Gallagher, Tom
Galloway, Denise
García-Sastre, Adolfo
Geballe, Adam
Glaunsinger, Britt
Goff, Stephen
Greninger, Alexander
Hancock, Meaghan
Harris, Eva
Heaton, Nicholas
Heise, Mark
Heldwein, Ekaterina
Hogue, Brenda
Horner, Stacy
Hutchinson, Edward
Hyser, Joseph
Jackson, William
Kalejta, Robert
Kamil, Jeremy
Karst, Stephanie
Kirchhoff, Frank
Knipe, David
Kowalik, Timothy
Lagunoff, Michael
Laimins, Laimonis
Langlois, Ryan
Lauring, Adam
Lee, Benhur
Leib, David
Liu, Shan-Lu
Longnecker, Richard
Lopez, Carolina
Luftig, Micah
Lund, Jennifer
Manicassamy, Balaji
McFadden, Grant
McIntosh, Michael
Mehle, Andrew
Miller, W. Allen
Mohr, Ian
Moody, Cary
Moorman, Nathaniel
Moscona, Anne
Mounce, Bryan
Munger, Joshua
Münger, Karl
Murphy, Eain
Naghavi, Mojgan
Nelson, Jay
Neufeldt, Christopher
Nikolich, Janko
O'Connor, Christine
Ono, Akira
Orenstein, Walter
Ornelles, David
Ou, Jing-hsiung
Parker, John
Parrish, Colin
Pekosz, Andrew
Pellett, Philip
Pfeiffer, Julie
Plemper, Richard
Polyak, Stephen
Purdy, John
Pyeon, Dohun
Quinones-Mateu, Miguel
Renne, Rolf
Rice, Charles
Schoggins, John
Roller, Richard
Russell, Charles
Sandri-Goldin, Rozanne
Sapp, Martin
Schang, Luis
Schmid, Scott
Schultz-Cherry, Stacey
Semler, Bert
Shenk, Thomas
Silvestri, Guido
Simon, Viviana
Smith, Gregory
Smith, Jason
Spindler, Katherine
Stanifer, Megan
Subbarao, Kanta
Sundquist, Wesley
Suthar, Mehul
Sutton, Troy
Tai, Andrew
Tarakanova, Vera
tenOever, Benjamin
Tibbetts, Scott
Tompkins, Stephen
Toth, Zsolt
van Doorslaer, Koenraad
Vignuzzi, Marco
Wallace, Nicholas
Walsh, Derek
Weekes, Michael
Weinberg, Jason
Weitzman, Matthew
Weller, Sandra
Whelan, Sean
White, Elizabeth
Williams, Bryan
Wobus, Christiane
Wong, Scott
Yurochko, Andrew
Virology under the Microscope—a Call for Rational Discourse
title Virology under the Microscope—a Call for Rational Discourse
title_full Virology under the Microscope—a Call for Rational Discourse
title_fullStr Virology under the Microscope—a Call for Rational Discourse
title_full_unstemmed Virology under the Microscope—a Call for Rational Discourse
title_short Virology under the Microscope—a Call for Rational Discourse
title_sort virology under the microscope—a call for rational discourse
topic Commentary
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9972907/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36700640
http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.00089-23
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AT neufeldtchristopher virologyunderthemicroscopeacallforrationaldiscourse
AT nikolichjanko virologyunderthemicroscopeacallforrationaldiscourse
AT oconnorchristine virologyunderthemicroscopeacallforrationaldiscourse
AT onoakira virologyunderthemicroscopeacallforrationaldiscourse
AT orensteinwalter virologyunderthemicroscopeacallforrationaldiscourse
AT ornellesdavid virologyunderthemicroscopeacallforrationaldiscourse
AT oujinghsiung virologyunderthemicroscopeacallforrationaldiscourse
AT parkerjohn virologyunderthemicroscopeacallforrationaldiscourse
AT parrishcolin virologyunderthemicroscopeacallforrationaldiscourse
AT pekoszandrew virologyunderthemicroscopeacallforrationaldiscourse
AT pellettphilip virologyunderthemicroscopeacallforrationaldiscourse
AT pfeifferjulie virologyunderthemicroscopeacallforrationaldiscourse
AT plemperrichard virologyunderthemicroscopeacallforrationaldiscourse
AT polyakstephen virologyunderthemicroscopeacallforrationaldiscourse
AT purdyjohn virologyunderthemicroscopeacallforrationaldiscourse
AT pyeondohun virologyunderthemicroscopeacallforrationaldiscourse
AT quinonesmateumiguel virologyunderthemicroscopeacallforrationaldiscourse
AT rennerolf virologyunderthemicroscopeacallforrationaldiscourse
AT ricecharles virologyunderthemicroscopeacallforrationaldiscourse
AT schogginsjohn virologyunderthemicroscopeacallforrationaldiscourse
AT rollerrichard virologyunderthemicroscopeacallforrationaldiscourse
AT russellcharles virologyunderthemicroscopeacallforrationaldiscourse
AT sandrigoldinrozanne virologyunderthemicroscopeacallforrationaldiscourse
AT sappmartin virologyunderthemicroscopeacallforrationaldiscourse
AT schangluis virologyunderthemicroscopeacallforrationaldiscourse
AT schmidscott virologyunderthemicroscopeacallforrationaldiscourse
AT schultzcherrystacey virologyunderthemicroscopeacallforrationaldiscourse
AT semlerbert virologyunderthemicroscopeacallforrationaldiscourse
AT shenkthomas virologyunderthemicroscopeacallforrationaldiscourse
AT silvestriguido virologyunderthemicroscopeacallforrationaldiscourse
AT simonviviana virologyunderthemicroscopeacallforrationaldiscourse
AT smithgregory virologyunderthemicroscopeacallforrationaldiscourse
AT smithjason virologyunderthemicroscopeacallforrationaldiscourse
AT spindlerkatherine virologyunderthemicroscopeacallforrationaldiscourse
AT stanifermegan virologyunderthemicroscopeacallforrationaldiscourse
AT subbaraokanta virologyunderthemicroscopeacallforrationaldiscourse
AT sundquistwesley virologyunderthemicroscopeacallforrationaldiscourse
AT sutharmehul virologyunderthemicroscopeacallforrationaldiscourse
AT suttontroy virologyunderthemicroscopeacallforrationaldiscourse
AT taiandrew virologyunderthemicroscopeacallforrationaldiscourse
AT tarakanovavera virologyunderthemicroscopeacallforrationaldiscourse
AT tenoeverbenjamin virologyunderthemicroscopeacallforrationaldiscourse
AT tibbettsscott virologyunderthemicroscopeacallforrationaldiscourse
AT tompkinsstephen virologyunderthemicroscopeacallforrationaldiscourse
AT tothzsolt virologyunderthemicroscopeacallforrationaldiscourse
AT vandoorslaerkoenraad virologyunderthemicroscopeacallforrationaldiscourse
AT vignuzzimarco virologyunderthemicroscopeacallforrationaldiscourse
AT wallacenicholas virologyunderthemicroscopeacallforrationaldiscourse
AT walshderek virologyunderthemicroscopeacallforrationaldiscourse
AT weekesmichael virologyunderthemicroscopeacallforrationaldiscourse
AT weinbergjason virologyunderthemicroscopeacallforrationaldiscourse
AT weitzmanmatthew virologyunderthemicroscopeacallforrationaldiscourse
AT wellersandra virologyunderthemicroscopeacallforrationaldiscourse
AT whelansean virologyunderthemicroscopeacallforrationaldiscourse
AT whiteelizabeth virologyunderthemicroscopeacallforrationaldiscourse
AT williamsbryan virologyunderthemicroscopeacallforrationaldiscourse
AT wobuschristiane virologyunderthemicroscopeacallforrationaldiscourse
AT wongscott virologyunderthemicroscopeacallforrationaldiscourse
AT yurochkoandrew virologyunderthemicroscopeacallforrationaldiscourse