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Evaluating Pneumonitis Incidence in Patients with Non–small Cell Lung Cancer Treated with Immunotherapy and/or Chemotherapy Using Real-world and Clinical Trial Data

Pneumonitis is a potentially life-threatening complication of anticancer therapy, and future treatment decisions may be informed by characterizing patients receiving therapies in the real-world setting. In this study, the incidence of treatment-associated pneumonitis (TAP) was compared among patient...

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Autores principales: Liu, Qi, Zhang, Chenan, Huang, Yue, Huang, Ruihao, Huang, Shiew-Mei, Larkins, Erin, Stapleford, Liza, Rivera, Donna R., Kluetz, Paul G., Wang, Shenggang, Zhu, Hao, Weese, James, Cromartie, Elizabeth, Teka, Mahder, Walters, Sheetal, Wolf, Frank, Brown, Thomas D.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: American Association for Cancer Research 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9973394/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36860658
http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/2767-9764.CRC-22-0370
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author Liu, Qi
Zhang, Chenan
Huang, Yue
Huang, Ruihao
Huang, Shiew-Mei
Larkins, Erin
Stapleford, Liza
Rivera, Donna R.
Kluetz, Paul G.
Wang, Shenggang
Zhu, Hao
Weese, James
Cromartie, Elizabeth
Teka, Mahder
Walters, Sheetal
Wolf, Frank
Brown, Thomas D.
author_facet Liu, Qi
Zhang, Chenan
Huang, Yue
Huang, Ruihao
Huang, Shiew-Mei
Larkins, Erin
Stapleford, Liza
Rivera, Donna R.
Kluetz, Paul G.
Wang, Shenggang
Zhu, Hao
Weese, James
Cromartie, Elizabeth
Teka, Mahder
Walters, Sheetal
Wolf, Frank
Brown, Thomas D.
author_sort Liu, Qi
collection PubMed
description Pneumonitis is a potentially life-threatening complication of anticancer therapy, and future treatment decisions may be informed by characterizing patients receiving therapies in the real-world setting. In this study, the incidence of treatment-associated pneumonitis (TAP) was compared among patients with advanced non–small cell lung cancer receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) or chemotherapies in either of two settings: randomized clinical trials (RCT) or real world data (RWD)-based clinical practice. Pneumonitis cases were identified using International Classification of Diseases codes (for RWD), or the Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities preferred terms (for RCTs). TAP was defined as pneumonitis diagnosed during treatment or within 30 days of the last treatment administration. Overall TAP rates in the RWD cohort were lower [ICI: 1.9%; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.2–3.2; chemotherapy: 0.8%; 95% CI, 0.4–1.6] than overall rates in the RCT cohort (ICI: 5.6%; 95% CI, 5.0–6.2; chemotherapy: 1.2%; 95% CI, 0.9–1.5). Overall RWD TAP rates were similar to grade 3+ RCT TAP rates (ICI: 2.0%; 95% CI, 1.6–2.3; chemotherapy: 0.6%; 95% CI, 0.4–0.9). In both cohorts, higher TAP incidence was observed among patients with a past medical history of pneumonitis than those without, regardless of treatment group. On the basis of this sizable study leveraging RWD, TAP incidence was low in the RWD cohort, likely in part due to methodology used for RWD focusing on clinically significant cases. Past medical history of pneumonitis was associated with TAP in both cohorts. SIGNIFICANCE: Pneumonitis is a potentially life-threatening complication of anticancer treatment. As treatment options expand, management decisions become increasingly complex, and there is a greater need to understand the safety profiles of the treatment options in the real-world setting. Real-world data serve as an additional source of valuable information to complement clinical trial data and inform understanding of toxicity in patients with non–small cell lung cancer receiving ICIs or chemotherapies.
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spelling pubmed-99733942023-02-28 Evaluating Pneumonitis Incidence in Patients with Non–small Cell Lung Cancer Treated with Immunotherapy and/or Chemotherapy Using Real-world and Clinical Trial Data Liu, Qi Zhang, Chenan Huang, Yue Huang, Ruihao Huang, Shiew-Mei Larkins, Erin Stapleford, Liza Rivera, Donna R. Kluetz, Paul G. Wang, Shenggang Zhu, Hao Weese, James Cromartie, Elizabeth Teka, Mahder Walters, Sheetal Wolf, Frank Brown, Thomas D. Cancer Res Commun Research Article Pneumonitis is a potentially life-threatening complication of anticancer therapy, and future treatment decisions may be informed by characterizing patients receiving therapies in the real-world setting. In this study, the incidence of treatment-associated pneumonitis (TAP) was compared among patients with advanced non–small cell lung cancer receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) or chemotherapies in either of two settings: randomized clinical trials (RCT) or real world data (RWD)-based clinical practice. Pneumonitis cases were identified using International Classification of Diseases codes (for RWD), or the Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities preferred terms (for RCTs). TAP was defined as pneumonitis diagnosed during treatment or within 30 days of the last treatment administration. Overall TAP rates in the RWD cohort were lower [ICI: 1.9%; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.2–3.2; chemotherapy: 0.8%; 95% CI, 0.4–1.6] than overall rates in the RCT cohort (ICI: 5.6%; 95% CI, 5.0–6.2; chemotherapy: 1.2%; 95% CI, 0.9–1.5). Overall RWD TAP rates were similar to grade 3+ RCT TAP rates (ICI: 2.0%; 95% CI, 1.6–2.3; chemotherapy: 0.6%; 95% CI, 0.4–0.9). In both cohorts, higher TAP incidence was observed among patients with a past medical history of pneumonitis than those without, regardless of treatment group. On the basis of this sizable study leveraging RWD, TAP incidence was low in the RWD cohort, likely in part due to methodology used for RWD focusing on clinically significant cases. Past medical history of pneumonitis was associated with TAP in both cohorts. SIGNIFICANCE: Pneumonitis is a potentially life-threatening complication of anticancer treatment. As treatment options expand, management decisions become increasingly complex, and there is a greater need to understand the safety profiles of the treatment options in the real-world setting. Real-world data serve as an additional source of valuable information to complement clinical trial data and inform understanding of toxicity in patients with non–small cell lung cancer receiving ICIs or chemotherapies. American Association for Cancer Research 2023-02-14 /pmc/articles/PMC9973394/ /pubmed/36860658 http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/2767-9764.CRC-22-0370 Text en © 2023 The Authors; Published by the American Association for Cancer Research https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This open access article is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license.
spellingShingle Research Article
Liu, Qi
Zhang, Chenan
Huang, Yue
Huang, Ruihao
Huang, Shiew-Mei
Larkins, Erin
Stapleford, Liza
Rivera, Donna R.
Kluetz, Paul G.
Wang, Shenggang
Zhu, Hao
Weese, James
Cromartie, Elizabeth
Teka, Mahder
Walters, Sheetal
Wolf, Frank
Brown, Thomas D.
Evaluating Pneumonitis Incidence in Patients with Non–small Cell Lung Cancer Treated with Immunotherapy and/or Chemotherapy Using Real-world and Clinical Trial Data
title Evaluating Pneumonitis Incidence in Patients with Non–small Cell Lung Cancer Treated with Immunotherapy and/or Chemotherapy Using Real-world and Clinical Trial Data
title_full Evaluating Pneumonitis Incidence in Patients with Non–small Cell Lung Cancer Treated with Immunotherapy and/or Chemotherapy Using Real-world and Clinical Trial Data
title_fullStr Evaluating Pneumonitis Incidence in Patients with Non–small Cell Lung Cancer Treated with Immunotherapy and/or Chemotherapy Using Real-world and Clinical Trial Data
title_full_unstemmed Evaluating Pneumonitis Incidence in Patients with Non–small Cell Lung Cancer Treated with Immunotherapy and/or Chemotherapy Using Real-world and Clinical Trial Data
title_short Evaluating Pneumonitis Incidence in Patients with Non–small Cell Lung Cancer Treated with Immunotherapy and/or Chemotherapy Using Real-world and Clinical Trial Data
title_sort evaluating pneumonitis incidence in patients with non–small cell lung cancer treated with immunotherapy and/or chemotherapy using real-world and clinical trial data
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9973394/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36860658
http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/2767-9764.CRC-22-0370
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