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Discovery of a rapidly evolving yeast defense factor, KTD1, against the secreted killer toxin K28

Secreted protein toxins are widely used weapons in conflicts between organisms. Elucidating how organisms genetically adapt to defend themselves against these toxins is fundamental to understanding the coevolutionary dynamics of competing organisms. Within yeast communities, “killer” toxins are secr...

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Autores principales: Andreev, Ilya, Laidlaw, Kamilla M. E., Giovanetti, Simone M., Urtecho, Guillaume, Shriner, Daniel, Bloom, Joshua S., MacDonald, Chris, Sadhu, Meru J.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: National Academy of Sciences 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9974470/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36800387
http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2217194120
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author Andreev, Ilya
Laidlaw, Kamilla M. E.
Giovanetti, Simone M.
Urtecho, Guillaume
Shriner, Daniel
Bloom, Joshua S.
MacDonald, Chris
Sadhu, Meru J.
author_facet Andreev, Ilya
Laidlaw, Kamilla M. E.
Giovanetti, Simone M.
Urtecho, Guillaume
Shriner, Daniel
Bloom, Joshua S.
MacDonald, Chris
Sadhu, Meru J.
author_sort Andreev, Ilya
collection PubMed
description Secreted protein toxins are widely used weapons in conflicts between organisms. Elucidating how organisms genetically adapt to defend themselves against these toxins is fundamental to understanding the coevolutionary dynamics of competing organisms. Within yeast communities, “killer” toxins are secreted to kill nearby sensitive yeast, providing a fitness advantage in competitive growth environments. Natural yeast isolates vary in their sensitivity to these toxins, but to date, no polymorphic genetic factors contributing to defense have been identified. We investigated the variation in resistance to the killer toxin K28 across diverse natural isolates of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae population. Using large-scale linkage mapping, we discovered a novel defense factor, which we named KTD1. We identified many KTD1 alleles, which provided different levels of K28 resistance. KTD1 is a member of the DUP240 gene family of unknown function, which is rapidly evolving in a region spanning its two encoded transmembrane helices. We found that this domain is critical to KTD1’s protective ability. Our findings implicate KTD1 as a key polymorphic factor in the defense against K28 toxin.
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spelling pubmed-99744702023-03-02 Discovery of a rapidly evolving yeast defense factor, KTD1, against the secreted killer toxin K28 Andreev, Ilya Laidlaw, Kamilla M. E. Giovanetti, Simone M. Urtecho, Guillaume Shriner, Daniel Bloom, Joshua S. MacDonald, Chris Sadhu, Meru J. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Biological Sciences Secreted protein toxins are widely used weapons in conflicts between organisms. Elucidating how organisms genetically adapt to defend themselves against these toxins is fundamental to understanding the coevolutionary dynamics of competing organisms. Within yeast communities, “killer” toxins are secreted to kill nearby sensitive yeast, providing a fitness advantage in competitive growth environments. Natural yeast isolates vary in their sensitivity to these toxins, but to date, no polymorphic genetic factors contributing to defense have been identified. We investigated the variation in resistance to the killer toxin K28 across diverse natural isolates of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae population. Using large-scale linkage mapping, we discovered a novel defense factor, which we named KTD1. We identified many KTD1 alleles, which provided different levels of K28 resistance. KTD1 is a member of the DUP240 gene family of unknown function, which is rapidly evolving in a region spanning its two encoded transmembrane helices. We found that this domain is critical to KTD1’s protective ability. Our findings implicate KTD1 as a key polymorphic factor in the defense against K28 toxin. National Academy of Sciences 2023-02-17 2023-02-21 /pmc/articles/PMC9974470/ /pubmed/36800387 http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2217194120 Text en Copyright © 2023 the Author(s). Published by PNAS. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This open access article is distributed under Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CC BY) (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Biological Sciences
Andreev, Ilya
Laidlaw, Kamilla M. E.
Giovanetti, Simone M.
Urtecho, Guillaume
Shriner, Daniel
Bloom, Joshua S.
MacDonald, Chris
Sadhu, Meru J.
Discovery of a rapidly evolving yeast defense factor, KTD1, against the secreted killer toxin K28
title Discovery of a rapidly evolving yeast defense factor, KTD1, against the secreted killer toxin K28
title_full Discovery of a rapidly evolving yeast defense factor, KTD1, against the secreted killer toxin K28
title_fullStr Discovery of a rapidly evolving yeast defense factor, KTD1, against the secreted killer toxin K28
title_full_unstemmed Discovery of a rapidly evolving yeast defense factor, KTD1, against the secreted killer toxin K28
title_short Discovery of a rapidly evolving yeast defense factor, KTD1, against the secreted killer toxin K28
title_sort discovery of a rapidly evolving yeast defense factor, ktd1, against the secreted killer toxin k28
topic Biological Sciences
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9974470/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36800387
http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2217194120
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