Impacto del COVID-19 en una enfermedad rara (melanoma uveal) en una unidad de referencia nacional de tumores intraoculares en España

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the diagnosis and management of uveal melanoma (a tumor included in the Orphanet catalog of rare diseases) in a Spanish national reference unit for intraocular tumors during the first year of the pandemic. MATERIAL AND METHODS: An observational retrospective study of patients with uveal melanoma in the National Reference Unit for Adult Intraocular Tumors of the Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid (Spain) was performed, analyzing the pre- and post-COVID-19 periods: from March 15, 2019 to March 15, 2020 and from March 16, 2020 to March 16, 2021. Demographic data, diagnostic delay, tumor size, extraocular extension, treatment and evolution were collected. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to identify factors that were associated with the variable: enucleation. RESULTS: Eighty-two patients with uveal melanoma were included, of which 42(51.21%) belonged to the pre-COVID-19 period and 40(40.78%) to the post-COVID-19 period. An increase in tumor size at diagnosis and in the number of enucleations was observed during the post-COVID-19 period (p < 0.05). Multivariable logistic regression demonstrated that both medium-large tumor size and patients diagnosed in the post-COVID-19 period were independently related to an increased risk of enucleation (OR 250, 95%CI, 27.69-2256.37; p < 0.01 and OR 10; 95% CI,1.10-90.25; p = 0.04, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: The increase in tumor size observed in uveal melanomas diagnosed during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic may have favored the increase in the number of enucleations performed during that period.