The Role of Distorted Cognitions in Mediating Treatment Outcome in Children with Social Anxiety Disorder: A Preliminary Study

This study examined whether distorted cognition changes during cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) in children (N = 61; aged 7–12) with social anxiety disorder (SAD) and whether changes in distorted cognition from pre- to post-treatment predict SAD at 6-month follow-up. Baseline distorted cognition was also examined as a predictor of post-treatment outcome. Multiple informant SAD-measures were obtained pre-treatment, post-treatment and at 6-month follow-up. Children reported on interpretation bias and dysfunctional beliefs. A decrease in interpretation bias and dysfunctional beliefs was prospectively related to greater SAD change between post-treatment and 6-month follow-up. Child-reported SAD-change at post-treatment predicted greater change in dysfunctional beliefs at 6-month follow-up. Higher baseline interpretation bias predicted greater change in SAD-severity at post-treatment. Children with greater distorted cognition reductions during treatment, showed greater treatment gains at 6-month follow-up. Children who do not show this reduction may require additional efforts focused on distorted cognition to maximally benefit from treatment. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10578-021-01268-6.