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Humoral Immune Response Following SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccination and Infection in Pediatric-Onset Multiple Sclerosis

OBJECTIVE: Currently, there are no data available on SARS-CoV-2 vaccine responses in pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis (POMS), and little is known about the course of SARS-CoV-2 infection in this age group. We therefore investigated humoral immune responses after COVID-19 vaccination and/or infecti...

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Autores principales: Breu, Markus, Lechner, Christian, Schneider, Lisa, Tobudic, Selma, Winkler, Stefan, Siegert, Sandy, Baumann, Matthias, Seidl, Rainer, Berger, Thomas, Kornek, Barbara
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9979636/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36966598
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2023.02.017
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author Breu, Markus
Lechner, Christian
Schneider, Lisa
Tobudic, Selma
Winkler, Stefan
Siegert, Sandy
Baumann, Matthias
Seidl, Rainer
Berger, Thomas
Kornek, Barbara
author_facet Breu, Markus
Lechner, Christian
Schneider, Lisa
Tobudic, Selma
Winkler, Stefan
Siegert, Sandy
Baumann, Matthias
Seidl, Rainer
Berger, Thomas
Kornek, Barbara
author_sort Breu, Markus
collection PubMed
description OBJECTIVE: Currently, there are no data available on SARS-CoV-2 vaccine responses in pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis (POMS), and little is known about the course of SARS-CoV-2 infection in this age group. We therefore investigated humoral immune responses after COVID-19 vaccination and/or infection in POMS. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed seroconversion rates and SARS-CoV-2–specific antibody levels in 30 POMS and one pediatric CIS patient treated with no disease-modifying therapy (no DMT), immunomodulatory DMT (IM-DMT), or immunosuppressive DMT (IS-DMT) from two Austrian MS centers. RESULTS: The median age at MS onset was 15.39 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 1.97). The median age at the first COVID-19 vaccination was 17.43 years (IQR: 2.76). After two vaccine doses, seroconversion (≥0.8 BAU/ml) was reached in 25 of 28 patients (89.3%). All patients with no DMT or IM-DMT generated robust immune responses to vaccination (seroconversion: no DMT: 6/6, IM-DMT: 7/7 [100%]; median titers: no DMT: 2075 BAU [IQR: 1268.50], IM-DMT: 2500 BAU [IQR: 0]). In the IS-DMT group, seroconversion was achieved in 12 of 14 patients (80%), and median titers were 50.8 BAU (IQR 254.63). Titers were significantly higher in no DMT versus IS-DMT (P = 0.012) and in IM-DMT versus IS-DMT (P = 0.001). Infection with SARS-CoV-2 occurred in 11 of 31 patients, and symptoms were mild in all cases. One relapse occurred after infection, but no relapses were documented after vaccination. CONCLUSIONS: Generally, mRNA vaccinations were well tolerated in POMS patients with and without DMT. Immune response was significantly reduced in patients treated with IS-DMT. No unexpected adverse events or relapses related to vaccinations were observed.
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spelling pubmed-99796362023-03-03 Humoral Immune Response Following SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccination and Infection in Pediatric-Onset Multiple Sclerosis Breu, Markus Lechner, Christian Schneider, Lisa Tobudic, Selma Winkler, Stefan Siegert, Sandy Baumann, Matthias Seidl, Rainer Berger, Thomas Kornek, Barbara Pediatr Neurol Research Paper OBJECTIVE: Currently, there are no data available on SARS-CoV-2 vaccine responses in pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis (POMS), and little is known about the course of SARS-CoV-2 infection in this age group. We therefore investigated humoral immune responses after COVID-19 vaccination and/or infection in POMS. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed seroconversion rates and SARS-CoV-2–specific antibody levels in 30 POMS and one pediatric CIS patient treated with no disease-modifying therapy (no DMT), immunomodulatory DMT (IM-DMT), or immunosuppressive DMT (IS-DMT) from two Austrian MS centers. RESULTS: The median age at MS onset was 15.39 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 1.97). The median age at the first COVID-19 vaccination was 17.43 years (IQR: 2.76). After two vaccine doses, seroconversion (≥0.8 BAU/ml) was reached in 25 of 28 patients (89.3%). All patients with no DMT or IM-DMT generated robust immune responses to vaccination (seroconversion: no DMT: 6/6, IM-DMT: 7/7 [100%]; median titers: no DMT: 2075 BAU [IQR: 1268.50], IM-DMT: 2500 BAU [IQR: 0]). In the IS-DMT group, seroconversion was achieved in 12 of 14 patients (80%), and median titers were 50.8 BAU (IQR 254.63). Titers were significantly higher in no DMT versus IS-DMT (P = 0.012) and in IM-DMT versus IS-DMT (P = 0.001). Infection with SARS-CoV-2 occurred in 11 of 31 patients, and symptoms were mild in all cases. One relapse occurred after infection, but no relapses were documented after vaccination. CONCLUSIONS: Generally, mRNA vaccinations were well tolerated in POMS patients with and without DMT. Immune response was significantly reduced in patients treated with IS-DMT. No unexpected adverse events or relapses related to vaccinations were observed. The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. 2023-06 2023-03-02 /pmc/articles/PMC9979636/ /pubmed/36966598 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2023.02.017 Text en © 2023 The Author(s) Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.
spellingShingle Research Paper
Breu, Markus
Lechner, Christian
Schneider, Lisa
Tobudic, Selma
Winkler, Stefan
Siegert, Sandy
Baumann, Matthias
Seidl, Rainer
Berger, Thomas
Kornek, Barbara
Humoral Immune Response Following SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccination and Infection in Pediatric-Onset Multiple Sclerosis
title Humoral Immune Response Following SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccination and Infection in Pediatric-Onset Multiple Sclerosis
title_full Humoral Immune Response Following SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccination and Infection in Pediatric-Onset Multiple Sclerosis
title_fullStr Humoral Immune Response Following SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccination and Infection in Pediatric-Onset Multiple Sclerosis
title_full_unstemmed Humoral Immune Response Following SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccination and Infection in Pediatric-Onset Multiple Sclerosis
title_short Humoral Immune Response Following SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccination and Infection in Pediatric-Onset Multiple Sclerosis
title_sort humoral immune response following sars-cov-2 mrna vaccination and infection in pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis
topic Research Paper
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9979636/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36966598
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2023.02.017
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