Evaluation of anterior tooth–ridge angulation, root position and labial bone perforation using dental cone-beam computed tomography: An observational study

PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to use cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans to measure and correlate the maxillary and mandibular tooth–ridge angulation (TRA) and labial bone perforation (LBP) in anterior teeth. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A standardized technique was used to orientate Planmeca CBCT images in 140 patients. On the sagittal section, TRA was defined as the angle between the long axis of the tooth and the alveolar housing of the corresponding tooth. The maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth’s sagittal root locations were evaluated. Virtual implant software was used to analyze bone perforations using a predetermined taper implant system. RESULTS: A total of 1680 teeth were scanned for this investigation, and 1338 teeth were selected for further analysis. In comparison to the mandible, the maxilla had a greater TRA. LBP was found to be 4.26% (57 teeth) more common in the mandibular arch (n = 39; 68.42 and) than in the maxillary arch (n = 18; 31.58%). When comparing both the sides, there was no significant difference in LBP. There was a significant relationship between TRA and LBP (P < 0.05). There was a significant association between all parameters. There was no statistically significant difference in TRA, sagittal root position (SRP), and LBP between the right and left teeth. CONCLUSIONS: The SRP type 1 is most typically present in the anterior teeth. The maxillary anterior teeth were placed at a 5°–10° angle, while the mandibular incisors were parallel to the alveolar ridge. The LBP was more characteristically present in the mandibular incisors. SRP and TRA were directly correlated with LBP. Clinically, bone perforations may be reduced using taper implants and abutments with a 5°–10° angle in maxillary anterior teeth, while straight implants are preferred in mandibular anterior teeth, which may be recommended.