Dissoziation: ein transdiagnostisches Phänomen

Since the beginning of the theory of neuroses the concept of dissociation underwent changes and is the origin of many controversies. Dissociation is understood as the disintegration of otherwise integrated functions of memory, consciousness, identity and perception of oneself and the environment. Dissociation is a clinical criterion of stress disorders and emotionally unstable personality disorder. Dissociative symptoms are also highly relevant phenomena in other disorders. Schizophrenia is important in the differential diagnostics. The distinction between dissociation from detachment and compartmentalization types and the consideration of possible types of trauma, can support the development of disease models. The treatment is based on accurate diagnostics, including biography and relationships. Complex dissociative disorders require a complex therapy, because besides psychological integration other psychosocial needs must be accommodated.