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The profile of Black South African men diagnosed with prostate cancer in the Free State, South Africa
BACKGROUND: Prostate cancer (PCa) ranks high in terms of morbidity and mortality, especially in Africa. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening remains a practical method of screening for and thereby detecting PCa early, especially among African men who are more negatively affected. Modifiable ris...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
AOSIS
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9983285/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36744484 http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/safp.v65i1.5553 |
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author | Benedict, Matthew O.A. Steinberg, Wilhelm J. Claassen, Frederik M. Mofolo, Nathaniel |
author_facet | Benedict, Matthew O.A. Steinberg, Wilhelm J. Claassen, Frederik M. Mofolo, Nathaniel |
author_sort | Benedict, Matthew O.A. |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Prostate cancer (PCa) ranks high in terms of morbidity and mortality, especially in Africa. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening remains a practical method of screening for and thereby detecting PCa early, especially among African men who are more negatively affected. Modifiable risk factors for PCa are mostly behavioural and lifestyle. Understanding community-specific determinants is important when developing health promotion interventions. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the profile of African men with PCa in the Free State, South Africa. METHOD: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted using case record information and self-administered questionnaires among 341 African men with PCa attending the oncology and urology clinics of a tertiary hospital. RESULT: Participants’ median age at diagnosis was 66 years. Only 76 (22.3%) participants had ever heard of PCa prior to being diagnosed with the disease, 36 (47.4%) of whom had ever had screening performed. The majority (n = 298, 87.4%) were symptomatic; < 50% sought medical help within six months. At diagnosis, 133 (39.0%) men presented with stage T3 or T4 disease, 75 (22.0%) with metastatic disease and 84 (24.6%) with Gleason score ≥ 8. Factors associated with advanced and high-grade disease included smoking, decreased sunlight exposure and physical activity, relatively increased ingestion of dairy products and red meat. Factors associated with early stage and low-grade disease included relatively increased ingestion of fruits, vegetables and fish. CONCLUSION: Advanced and high-grade PCa disease is not uncommon among men ≥ 60 years in this study setting. Certain modifiable risk factors associated with advanced disease were established in this study. The majority had lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) prior to PCa diagnosis, but they were of poor health-seeking behaviour. Although there seems not to be a systematic delay in the definitive diagnosis and initiation of treatment for PCa, there is a need to improve on health education and awareness in the study setting. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9983285 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | AOSIS |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-99832852023-03-04 The profile of Black South African men diagnosed with prostate cancer in the Free State, South Africa Benedict, Matthew O.A. Steinberg, Wilhelm J. Claassen, Frederik M. Mofolo, Nathaniel S Afr Fam Pract (2004) Original Research BACKGROUND: Prostate cancer (PCa) ranks high in terms of morbidity and mortality, especially in Africa. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening remains a practical method of screening for and thereby detecting PCa early, especially among African men who are more negatively affected. Modifiable risk factors for PCa are mostly behavioural and lifestyle. Understanding community-specific determinants is important when developing health promotion interventions. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the profile of African men with PCa in the Free State, South Africa. METHOD: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted using case record information and self-administered questionnaires among 341 African men with PCa attending the oncology and urology clinics of a tertiary hospital. RESULT: Participants’ median age at diagnosis was 66 years. Only 76 (22.3%) participants had ever heard of PCa prior to being diagnosed with the disease, 36 (47.4%) of whom had ever had screening performed. The majority (n = 298, 87.4%) were symptomatic; < 50% sought medical help within six months. At diagnosis, 133 (39.0%) men presented with stage T3 or T4 disease, 75 (22.0%) with metastatic disease and 84 (24.6%) with Gleason score ≥ 8. Factors associated with advanced and high-grade disease included smoking, decreased sunlight exposure and physical activity, relatively increased ingestion of dairy products and red meat. Factors associated with early stage and low-grade disease included relatively increased ingestion of fruits, vegetables and fish. CONCLUSION: Advanced and high-grade PCa disease is not uncommon among men ≥ 60 years in this study setting. Certain modifiable risk factors associated with advanced disease were established in this study. The majority had lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) prior to PCa diagnosis, but they were of poor health-seeking behaviour. Although there seems not to be a systematic delay in the definitive diagnosis and initiation of treatment for PCa, there is a need to improve on health education and awareness in the study setting. AOSIS 2023-01-10 /pmc/articles/PMC9983285/ /pubmed/36744484 http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/safp.v65i1.5553 Text en © 2023. The Authors https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee: AOSIS. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License. |
spellingShingle | Original Research Benedict, Matthew O.A. Steinberg, Wilhelm J. Claassen, Frederik M. Mofolo, Nathaniel The profile of Black South African men diagnosed with prostate cancer in the Free State, South Africa |
title | The profile of Black South African men diagnosed with prostate cancer in the Free State, South Africa |
title_full | The profile of Black South African men diagnosed with prostate cancer in the Free State, South Africa |
title_fullStr | The profile of Black South African men diagnosed with prostate cancer in the Free State, South Africa |
title_full_unstemmed | The profile of Black South African men diagnosed with prostate cancer in the Free State, South Africa |
title_short | The profile of Black South African men diagnosed with prostate cancer in the Free State, South Africa |
title_sort | profile of black south african men diagnosed with prostate cancer in the free state, south africa |
topic | Original Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9983285/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36744484 http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/safp.v65i1.5553 |
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