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The relationship between occupational stressors and insomnia in hospital nurses: The mediating role of psychological capital

BACKGROUND: Nurses have a high incidence of insomnia. Insomnia not only damages the physical and mental health of nurses, but also reduces their productivity and quality of care, ultimately affecting patient care. Over the past 30 years, a large number of epidemiological surveys have shown that inso...

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Autores principales: Wang, Mei-Fang, Shao, Pei, Wu, Chao, Zhang, Lin-yuan, Zhang, Lan-fang, Liang, Juan, Du, Juan
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9983607/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36875542
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1070809
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author Wang, Mei-Fang
Shao, Pei
Wu, Chao
Zhang, Lin-yuan
Zhang, Lan-fang
Liang, Juan
Du, Juan
author_facet Wang, Mei-Fang
Shao, Pei
Wu, Chao
Zhang, Lin-yuan
Zhang, Lan-fang
Liang, Juan
Du, Juan
author_sort Wang, Mei-Fang
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Nurses have a high incidence of insomnia. Insomnia not only damages the physical and mental health of nurses, but also reduces their productivity and quality of care, ultimately affecting patient care. Over the past 30 years, a large number of epidemiological surveys have shown that insomnia in nurses is associated with occupational stress. As an external feature of the role of a nurse, occupational stress is difficult to alter in a short period of time. Therefore, it is necessary to discuss the complex mediating variables in the relationship between occupational stress and insomnia in nurses in order to find different ideas to address the problem of insomnia caused by occupational stress. Psychological capital, the positive psychological strength of an individual, has been widely used in previous reports as a mediating variable between occupational stress and adverse psychological problems. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore the mediating effect of psychological capital on occupational stressors and insomnia among Chinese nurses. METHODS: The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology statement was referred to conduct the study. A cross-sectional stratified sampling method was used to recruit 720 participants from a tertiary hospital in Jinan, Shandong province, located in the east of China, from June to August 2019. Questionnaires were used to obtain data on demographic variables, psychological capital, occupational stressors, and insomnia. RESULTS: The study findings revealed that work settings [department (F = 3.08, p = 0.006), working hours per week (t = −2.03, p = 0.043) and shift work (t = 3.66, p < 0.001)], decision latitude (r = −0.25, p < 0.001), psychological job demand (r = 0.15, p < 0.001), social support (r = −0.31, p < 0.001), and psychological capital (r = −0.40, p < 0.001) were differentially associated with insomnia experiences. This cross-sectional survey showed that psychological capital has significant mediation effects on the relationship between occupational stressors and insomnia. In the model of decision latitude - psychological capital - insomnia, the mediating effect was-0.04 (95%CI: −0.07 ~ −0.02), accounting for 50.0% of the total effect; In the model of job demands – psychological capital – insomnia, the mediating effect was 0.03 (95%CI: 0.01 ~ 0.06), accounting for 25.0% of the total effect; In the model of social support - psychological capital - insomnia, the mediating effect was −0.11 (95%CI: −0.16 ~ −0.07), accounting for 39.0% of the total effect. CONCLUSION: Psychological capital not only had a direct effect on both occupational stressors and insomnia, but also played mediating roles in relationship between occupational stressors and insomnia. It has been suggested that nurses themselves and nursing managers should improve the psychological capital of nurses by various means to alleviate the effects of occupational stress on nurses’ insomnia.
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spelling pubmed-99836072023-03-04 The relationship between occupational stressors and insomnia in hospital nurses: The mediating role of psychological capital Wang, Mei-Fang Shao, Pei Wu, Chao Zhang, Lin-yuan Zhang, Lan-fang Liang, Juan Du, Juan Front Psychol Psychology BACKGROUND: Nurses have a high incidence of insomnia. Insomnia not only damages the physical and mental health of nurses, but also reduces their productivity and quality of care, ultimately affecting patient care. Over the past 30 years, a large number of epidemiological surveys have shown that insomnia in nurses is associated with occupational stress. As an external feature of the role of a nurse, occupational stress is difficult to alter in a short period of time. Therefore, it is necessary to discuss the complex mediating variables in the relationship between occupational stress and insomnia in nurses in order to find different ideas to address the problem of insomnia caused by occupational stress. Psychological capital, the positive psychological strength of an individual, has been widely used in previous reports as a mediating variable between occupational stress and adverse psychological problems. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore the mediating effect of psychological capital on occupational stressors and insomnia among Chinese nurses. METHODS: The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology statement was referred to conduct the study. A cross-sectional stratified sampling method was used to recruit 720 participants from a tertiary hospital in Jinan, Shandong province, located in the east of China, from June to August 2019. Questionnaires were used to obtain data on demographic variables, psychological capital, occupational stressors, and insomnia. RESULTS: The study findings revealed that work settings [department (F = 3.08, p = 0.006), working hours per week (t = −2.03, p = 0.043) and shift work (t = 3.66, p < 0.001)], decision latitude (r = −0.25, p < 0.001), psychological job demand (r = 0.15, p < 0.001), social support (r = −0.31, p < 0.001), and psychological capital (r = −0.40, p < 0.001) were differentially associated with insomnia experiences. This cross-sectional survey showed that psychological capital has significant mediation effects on the relationship between occupational stressors and insomnia. In the model of decision latitude - psychological capital - insomnia, the mediating effect was-0.04 (95%CI: −0.07 ~ −0.02), accounting for 50.0% of the total effect; In the model of job demands – psychological capital – insomnia, the mediating effect was 0.03 (95%CI: 0.01 ~ 0.06), accounting for 25.0% of the total effect; In the model of social support - psychological capital - insomnia, the mediating effect was −0.11 (95%CI: −0.16 ~ −0.07), accounting for 39.0% of the total effect. CONCLUSION: Psychological capital not only had a direct effect on both occupational stressors and insomnia, but also played mediating roles in relationship between occupational stressors and insomnia. It has been suggested that nurses themselves and nursing managers should improve the psychological capital of nurses by various means to alleviate the effects of occupational stress on nurses’ insomnia. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-02-14 /pmc/articles/PMC9983607/ /pubmed/36875542 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1070809 Text en Copyright © 2023 Wang, Shao, Wu, Zhang, Zhang, Liang and Du. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Psychology
Wang, Mei-Fang
Shao, Pei
Wu, Chao
Zhang, Lin-yuan
Zhang, Lan-fang
Liang, Juan
Du, Juan
The relationship between occupational stressors and insomnia in hospital nurses: The mediating role of psychological capital
title The relationship between occupational stressors and insomnia in hospital nurses: The mediating role of psychological capital
title_full The relationship between occupational stressors and insomnia in hospital nurses: The mediating role of psychological capital
title_fullStr The relationship between occupational stressors and insomnia in hospital nurses: The mediating role of psychological capital
title_full_unstemmed The relationship between occupational stressors and insomnia in hospital nurses: The mediating role of psychological capital
title_short The relationship between occupational stressors and insomnia in hospital nurses: The mediating role of psychological capital
title_sort relationship between occupational stressors and insomnia in hospital nurses: the mediating role of psychological capital
topic Psychology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9983607/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36875542
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1070809
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