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The Role of Acetate Kinase in the Human Parasite Entamoeba histolytica
The human parasite Entamoeba histolytica, which causes approximately 100 million cases of amoebic dysentery each year, relies on glycolysis as the major source of ATP production from glucose as it lacks a citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation. Ethanol and acetate, the two major glycolytic...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9983610/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36872919 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/parasitologia2020014 |
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author | Dang, Thanh Angel, Matthew Cho, Jin Nguyen, Diana Ingram-Smith, Cheryl |
author_facet | Dang, Thanh Angel, Matthew Cho, Jin Nguyen, Diana Ingram-Smith, Cheryl |
author_sort | Dang, Thanh |
collection | PubMed |
description | The human parasite Entamoeba histolytica, which causes approximately 100 million cases of amoebic dysentery each year, relies on glycolysis as the major source of ATP production from glucose as it lacks a citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation. Ethanol and acetate, the two major glycolytic end products for E. histolytica, are produced at a ratio of 2:1 under anaerobic conditions, creating an imbalance between NADH production and utilization. In this study we investigated the role of acetate kinase (ACK) in acetate production during glycolysis in E. histolytica metabolism. Analysis of intracellular and extracellular metabolites demonstrated that acetate levels were unaffected in an ACK RNAi cell line, but acetyl-CoA levels and the NAD(+)/NADH ratio were significantly elevated. Moreover, we demonstrated that glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase catalyzes the ACK-dependent conversion of acetaldehyde to acetyl phosphate in E. histolytica. We propose that ACK is not a major contributor to acetate production, but instead provides a mechanism for maintaining the NAD(+)/NADH balance during ethanol production in the extended glycolytic pathway. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9983610 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-99836102023-03-03 The Role of Acetate Kinase in the Human Parasite Entamoeba histolytica Dang, Thanh Angel, Matthew Cho, Jin Nguyen, Diana Ingram-Smith, Cheryl Parasitologia Article The human parasite Entamoeba histolytica, which causes approximately 100 million cases of amoebic dysentery each year, relies on glycolysis as the major source of ATP production from glucose as it lacks a citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation. Ethanol and acetate, the two major glycolytic end products for E. histolytica, are produced at a ratio of 2:1 under anaerobic conditions, creating an imbalance between NADH production and utilization. In this study we investigated the role of acetate kinase (ACK) in acetate production during glycolysis in E. histolytica metabolism. Analysis of intracellular and extracellular metabolites demonstrated that acetate levels were unaffected in an ACK RNAi cell line, but acetyl-CoA levels and the NAD(+)/NADH ratio were significantly elevated. Moreover, we demonstrated that glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase catalyzes the ACK-dependent conversion of acetaldehyde to acetyl phosphate in E. histolytica. We propose that ACK is not a major contributor to acetate production, but instead provides a mechanism for maintaining the NAD(+)/NADH balance during ethanol production in the extended glycolytic pathway. 2022-06 2022-06-16 /pmc/articles/PMC9983610/ /pubmed/36872919 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/parasitologia2020014 Text en https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Dang, Thanh Angel, Matthew Cho, Jin Nguyen, Diana Ingram-Smith, Cheryl The Role of Acetate Kinase in the Human Parasite Entamoeba histolytica |
title | The Role of Acetate Kinase in the Human Parasite Entamoeba histolytica |
title_full | The Role of Acetate Kinase in the Human Parasite Entamoeba histolytica |
title_fullStr | The Role of Acetate Kinase in the Human Parasite Entamoeba histolytica |
title_full_unstemmed | The Role of Acetate Kinase in the Human Parasite Entamoeba histolytica |
title_short | The Role of Acetate Kinase in the Human Parasite Entamoeba histolytica |
title_sort | role of acetate kinase in the human parasite entamoeba histolytica |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9983610/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36872919 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/parasitologia2020014 |
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