Peripheral Nerve Regeneration: Opportunities and Challenges

Peripheral nerve injury has detrimental effects on the quality of life for patients and is a worldwide issue with high rates of morbidity. Research on the molecular mechanisms of nerve injury, microsurgical techniques, and advances in stem cell research have led to substantial progress in the field of translational neurophysiology. Current research on peripheral nerve regeneration aims to accelerate peripheral nerve development through pluripotent stem cells and potential use of smart exosomes, pharmacological agents, and bioengineering of nerve conduits. In this article critically reviewed and summarized various methods used for peripheral nerve regeneration and highlight the opportunities and challenges that come along with these strategies.