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Health care workers' reactions to the newly introduced hepatitis B vaccine in Kalulushi, Zambia: Explained using the 5A taxonomy
INTRODUCTION: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is highly infectious and deadly disease that is transmitted through blood and body fluids. Health care workers (HCWs) have a high risk of contracting HBV in health care settings, the Hep-B vaccine one of the recommended prevention intervention/tools. However, up...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Elsevier
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9985005/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36880025 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvacx.2023.100274 |
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author | Nyasa, Mwiza Chipungu, Jenala Ngandu, Mwila Chilambe, Chansa Nyirenda, Herbert Musukuma, Kalo Lundamo, Mwila Simuyandi, Michelo Chilengi, Roma Sharma, Anjali |
author_facet | Nyasa, Mwiza Chipungu, Jenala Ngandu, Mwila Chilambe, Chansa Nyirenda, Herbert Musukuma, Kalo Lundamo, Mwila Simuyandi, Michelo Chilengi, Roma Sharma, Anjali |
author_sort | Nyasa, Mwiza |
collection | PubMed |
description | INTRODUCTION: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is highly infectious and deadly disease that is transmitted through blood and body fluids. Health care workers (HCWs) have a high risk of contracting HBV in health care settings, the Hep-B vaccine one of the recommended prevention intervention/tools. However, uptake of the vaccine among HCWs remains low in Sub-Saharan Africa. We aimed to explore the barriers and facilitators to uptake of the vaccine offered free of charge to HCWs and nursing students in Kalulushi district, Copperbelt Province of Zambia. METHODS: A total of 29 in-depth interviews (IDIs), either in person or via telephone, with participants before and after they received the vaccines were used to collect the data. We analysed the barriers and facilitators to full or partial vaccination using Penchasky and Thomas’s (1981) 5A’s (Access, Affordability, Awareness, Acceptance and Activation) taxonomy framework for vaccine hesitancy. RESULTS: All participants had access to the vaccine, and it was free of charge, making it affordable. Regarding awareness, all participants were aware of HBV infection as an occupational hazard, however, HCWs felt that more sensitization would be needed to increase awareness and knowledge of the vaccine. Acceptability of the vaccine was high among all completers and some non-completers as they felt it was safe and offered them protection. One non-completer felt coerced to accept the first dose due to supervisor expectations and would have preferred to have been given more time to decide. Most felt that vaccination should be compulsory for HCWs. Lastly, activation (vaccine uptake) among non-completers was hindered by late or no notification of appointments as the main reason for not completing the full vaccination schedule. HCWs advised that for countrywide roll-out, at least one weeks' notification would be necessary for HCWs to plan and be mentally prepared to be at their workstations when the vaccination is taking place. CONCLUSIONS: The need to offer the vaccine free of charge locally to ensure easy access and affordability is essential to increase vaccine uptake. Vaccination policies and guidelines for health workers, ongoing training and knowledge sharing are required. Involving trained champions in the facility can also help encourage HCWs to get vaccinated. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9985005 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | Elsevier |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-99850052023-03-05 Health care workers' reactions to the newly introduced hepatitis B vaccine in Kalulushi, Zambia: Explained using the 5A taxonomy Nyasa, Mwiza Chipungu, Jenala Ngandu, Mwila Chilambe, Chansa Nyirenda, Herbert Musukuma, Kalo Lundamo, Mwila Simuyandi, Michelo Chilengi, Roma Sharma, Anjali Vaccine X Regular paper INTRODUCTION: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is highly infectious and deadly disease that is transmitted through blood and body fluids. Health care workers (HCWs) have a high risk of contracting HBV in health care settings, the Hep-B vaccine one of the recommended prevention intervention/tools. However, uptake of the vaccine among HCWs remains low in Sub-Saharan Africa. We aimed to explore the barriers and facilitators to uptake of the vaccine offered free of charge to HCWs and nursing students in Kalulushi district, Copperbelt Province of Zambia. METHODS: A total of 29 in-depth interviews (IDIs), either in person or via telephone, with participants before and after they received the vaccines were used to collect the data. We analysed the barriers and facilitators to full or partial vaccination using Penchasky and Thomas’s (1981) 5A’s (Access, Affordability, Awareness, Acceptance and Activation) taxonomy framework for vaccine hesitancy. RESULTS: All participants had access to the vaccine, and it was free of charge, making it affordable. Regarding awareness, all participants were aware of HBV infection as an occupational hazard, however, HCWs felt that more sensitization would be needed to increase awareness and knowledge of the vaccine. Acceptability of the vaccine was high among all completers and some non-completers as they felt it was safe and offered them protection. One non-completer felt coerced to accept the first dose due to supervisor expectations and would have preferred to have been given more time to decide. Most felt that vaccination should be compulsory for HCWs. Lastly, activation (vaccine uptake) among non-completers was hindered by late or no notification of appointments as the main reason for not completing the full vaccination schedule. HCWs advised that for countrywide roll-out, at least one weeks' notification would be necessary for HCWs to plan and be mentally prepared to be at their workstations when the vaccination is taking place. CONCLUSIONS: The need to offer the vaccine free of charge locally to ensure easy access and affordability is essential to increase vaccine uptake. Vaccination policies and guidelines for health workers, ongoing training and knowledge sharing are required. Involving trained champions in the facility can also help encourage HCWs to get vaccinated. Elsevier 2023-02-11 /pmc/articles/PMC9985005/ /pubmed/36880025 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvacx.2023.100274 Text en © 2023 The Authors https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Regular paper Nyasa, Mwiza Chipungu, Jenala Ngandu, Mwila Chilambe, Chansa Nyirenda, Herbert Musukuma, Kalo Lundamo, Mwila Simuyandi, Michelo Chilengi, Roma Sharma, Anjali Health care workers' reactions to the newly introduced hepatitis B vaccine in Kalulushi, Zambia: Explained using the 5A taxonomy |
title | Health care workers' reactions to the newly introduced hepatitis B vaccine in Kalulushi, Zambia: Explained using the 5A taxonomy |
title_full | Health care workers' reactions to the newly introduced hepatitis B vaccine in Kalulushi, Zambia: Explained using the 5A taxonomy |
title_fullStr | Health care workers' reactions to the newly introduced hepatitis B vaccine in Kalulushi, Zambia: Explained using the 5A taxonomy |
title_full_unstemmed | Health care workers' reactions to the newly introduced hepatitis B vaccine in Kalulushi, Zambia: Explained using the 5A taxonomy |
title_short | Health care workers' reactions to the newly introduced hepatitis B vaccine in Kalulushi, Zambia: Explained using the 5A taxonomy |
title_sort | health care workers' reactions to the newly introduced hepatitis b vaccine in kalulushi, zambia: explained using the 5a taxonomy |
topic | Regular paper |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9985005/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36880025 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvacx.2023.100274 |
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