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A Five-Year Epidemiological Study of Extra-Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Its Related Risk Factors in Iran

BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis is the most common worldwide cause of death from microbial diseases. Extra-pulmonary tuberculosis accounts for 20% to 25% of all cases. In this study, we used generalized estimation equations to investigate the trend of changes in extra-pulmonary tuberculosis incidence. MATE...

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Autores principales: Fallah, Sahar, Nasehi, Mahshid, Etemadinezhad, Siavash, Fallah, Simin, Yazdani Charati, Jamshid
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9985131/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36879733
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author Fallah, Sahar
Nasehi, Mahshid
Etemadinezhad, Siavash
Fallah, Simin
Yazdani Charati, Jamshid
author_facet Fallah, Sahar
Nasehi, Mahshid
Etemadinezhad, Siavash
Fallah, Simin
Yazdani Charati, Jamshid
author_sort Fallah, Sahar
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis is the most common worldwide cause of death from microbial diseases. Extra-pulmonary tuberculosis accounts for 20% to 25% of all cases. In this study, we used generalized estimation equations to investigate the trend of changes in extra-pulmonary tuberculosis incidence. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The recorded data of all patients with extra-pulmonary tuberculosis from 2015 to 2019 in Iran’s National Tuberculosis Registration Center were included. The trend of standardized incidence changes in provinces of Iran was calculated and reported linearly. Also, we identified the risk factors related to the extra-pulmonary tuberculosis incidence in five consecutive years using generalized estimating equations. RESULTS: We studied the data of 12,537 patients with extra-pulmonary tuberculosis, of whom 50.3% were female. The mean age of the subjects was 43.61±19.88 years. Around 15.4% of all patients had a history of contact with a tuberculosis patient, 43% had a history of hospital stay, and 2.6% had a human immunodeficiency virus infection. Regarding disease types, 25% were lymphatic, 22% were pleural, and 14% were bone. Golestan province had the highest (average of 28.50 ± 8.65 cases), and Fars province had the lowest (average of 3.06 ± 0.75 cases) standardized incidences in these five years. Also, time trend (P < 0.001), employment rate (P = 0.037), and average annual rural income (P = 0.001) had a significant effect on reducing extra-pulmonary tuberculosis incidence. CONCLUSION: Extra-pulmonary tuberculosis has a decreasing trend in Iran. Still, Golestan, Sistan and Baluchestan, Hormozgan, and Khuzestan provinces have a higher incidence rate compared to the other provinces.
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spelling pubmed-99851312023-03-05 A Five-Year Epidemiological Study of Extra-Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Its Related Risk Factors in Iran Fallah, Sahar Nasehi, Mahshid Etemadinezhad, Siavash Fallah, Simin Yazdani Charati, Jamshid Tanaffos Original Article BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis is the most common worldwide cause of death from microbial diseases. Extra-pulmonary tuberculosis accounts for 20% to 25% of all cases. In this study, we used generalized estimation equations to investigate the trend of changes in extra-pulmonary tuberculosis incidence. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The recorded data of all patients with extra-pulmonary tuberculosis from 2015 to 2019 in Iran’s National Tuberculosis Registration Center were included. The trend of standardized incidence changes in provinces of Iran was calculated and reported linearly. Also, we identified the risk factors related to the extra-pulmonary tuberculosis incidence in five consecutive years using generalized estimating equations. RESULTS: We studied the data of 12,537 patients with extra-pulmonary tuberculosis, of whom 50.3% were female. The mean age of the subjects was 43.61±19.88 years. Around 15.4% of all patients had a history of contact with a tuberculosis patient, 43% had a history of hospital stay, and 2.6% had a human immunodeficiency virus infection. Regarding disease types, 25% were lymphatic, 22% were pleural, and 14% were bone. Golestan province had the highest (average of 28.50 ± 8.65 cases), and Fars province had the lowest (average of 3.06 ± 0.75 cases) standardized incidences in these five years. Also, time trend (P < 0.001), employment rate (P = 0.037), and average annual rural income (P = 0.001) had a significant effect on reducing extra-pulmonary tuberculosis incidence. CONCLUSION: Extra-pulmonary tuberculosis has a decreasing trend in Iran. Still, Golestan, Sistan and Baluchestan, Hormozgan, and Khuzestan provinces have a higher incidence rate compared to the other provinces. National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease 2022-02 /pmc/articles/PMC9985131/ /pubmed/36879733 Text en Copyright© 2022 National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/)
spellingShingle Original Article
Fallah, Sahar
Nasehi, Mahshid
Etemadinezhad, Siavash
Fallah, Simin
Yazdani Charati, Jamshid
A Five-Year Epidemiological Study of Extra-Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Its Related Risk Factors in Iran
title A Five-Year Epidemiological Study of Extra-Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Its Related Risk Factors in Iran
title_full A Five-Year Epidemiological Study of Extra-Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Its Related Risk Factors in Iran
title_fullStr A Five-Year Epidemiological Study of Extra-Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Its Related Risk Factors in Iran
title_full_unstemmed A Five-Year Epidemiological Study of Extra-Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Its Related Risk Factors in Iran
title_short A Five-Year Epidemiological Study of Extra-Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Its Related Risk Factors in Iran
title_sort five-year epidemiological study of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis and its related risk factors in iran
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9985131/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36879733
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