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Comparative study on antibacterial characteristics of the multiple liver expressed antimicrobial peptides (LEAPs) in teleost fish

Antimicrobial peptides are important components of the host innate immune system, forming the first line of defense against infectious microorganisms. Among them, liver-expressed antimicrobial peptides (LEAPs) are a family of antimicrobial peptides that widely exist in vertebrates. LEAPs include two...

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Autores principales: Liu, Xun, Hu, Ya-Zhen, Pan, Yi-Ru, Liu, Jia, Jiang, You-Bo, Zhang, Yong-An, Zhang, Xu-Jie
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9986249/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36891317
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1128138
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author Liu, Xun
Hu, Ya-Zhen
Pan, Yi-Ru
Liu, Jia
Jiang, You-Bo
Zhang, Yong-An
Zhang, Xu-Jie
author_facet Liu, Xun
Hu, Ya-Zhen
Pan, Yi-Ru
Liu, Jia
Jiang, You-Bo
Zhang, Yong-An
Zhang, Xu-Jie
author_sort Liu, Xun
collection PubMed
description Antimicrobial peptides are important components of the host innate immune system, forming the first line of defense against infectious microorganisms. Among them, liver-expressed antimicrobial peptides (LEAPs) are a family of antimicrobial peptides that widely exist in vertebrates. LEAPs include two types, named LEAP-1 and LEAP-2, and many teleost fish have two or more LEAP-2s. In this study, LEAP-2C from rainbow trout and grass carp were discovered, both of which are composed of 3 exons and 2 introns. The antibacterial functions of the multiple LEAPs were systematically compared in rainbow trout and grass carp. The gene expression pattern revealed that rainbow trout and grass carp LEAP-1, LEAP-2A, LEAP-2B and/or LEAP-2C were differentially expressed in various tissues/organs, mainly in liver. After bacterial infection, the expression levels of LEAP-1, LEAP-2A, LEAP-2B and/or LEAP-2C in the liver and gut of rainbow trout and grass carp increased to varying degrees. Moreover, the antibacterial assay and bacterial membrane permeability assay showed that rainbow trout and grass carp LEAP-1, LEAP-2A, LEAP-2B and LEAP-2C all have antibacterial activities against a variety of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria with varying levels through membrane rupture. Furthermore, cell transfection assay showed that only rainbow trout LEAP-1, but not LEAP-2, can lead to the internalization of ferroportin, the only iron exporter on cell surface, indicating that only LEAP-1 possess iron metabolism regulation activity in teleost fish. Taken together, this study systematically compared the antibacterial function of LEAPs in teleost fish and the results suggest that multiple LEAPs can enhance the immunity of teleost fish through different expression patterns and different antibacterial activities to various bacteria.
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spelling pubmed-99862492023-03-07 Comparative study on antibacterial characteristics of the multiple liver expressed antimicrobial peptides (LEAPs) in teleost fish Liu, Xun Hu, Ya-Zhen Pan, Yi-Ru Liu, Jia Jiang, You-Bo Zhang, Yong-An Zhang, Xu-Jie Front Immunol Immunology Antimicrobial peptides are important components of the host innate immune system, forming the first line of defense against infectious microorganisms. Among them, liver-expressed antimicrobial peptides (LEAPs) are a family of antimicrobial peptides that widely exist in vertebrates. LEAPs include two types, named LEAP-1 and LEAP-2, and many teleost fish have two or more LEAP-2s. In this study, LEAP-2C from rainbow trout and grass carp were discovered, both of which are composed of 3 exons and 2 introns. The antibacterial functions of the multiple LEAPs were systematically compared in rainbow trout and grass carp. The gene expression pattern revealed that rainbow trout and grass carp LEAP-1, LEAP-2A, LEAP-2B and/or LEAP-2C were differentially expressed in various tissues/organs, mainly in liver. After bacterial infection, the expression levels of LEAP-1, LEAP-2A, LEAP-2B and/or LEAP-2C in the liver and gut of rainbow trout and grass carp increased to varying degrees. Moreover, the antibacterial assay and bacterial membrane permeability assay showed that rainbow trout and grass carp LEAP-1, LEAP-2A, LEAP-2B and LEAP-2C all have antibacterial activities against a variety of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria with varying levels through membrane rupture. Furthermore, cell transfection assay showed that only rainbow trout LEAP-1, but not LEAP-2, can lead to the internalization of ferroportin, the only iron exporter on cell surface, indicating that only LEAP-1 possess iron metabolism regulation activity in teleost fish. Taken together, this study systematically compared the antibacterial function of LEAPs in teleost fish and the results suggest that multiple LEAPs can enhance the immunity of teleost fish through different expression patterns and different antibacterial activities to various bacteria. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-02-20 /pmc/articles/PMC9986249/ /pubmed/36891317 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1128138 Text en Copyright © 2023 Liu, Hu, Pan, Liu, Jiang, Zhang and Zhang https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Immunology
Liu, Xun
Hu, Ya-Zhen
Pan, Yi-Ru
Liu, Jia
Jiang, You-Bo
Zhang, Yong-An
Zhang, Xu-Jie
Comparative study on antibacterial characteristics of the multiple liver expressed antimicrobial peptides (LEAPs) in teleost fish
title Comparative study on antibacterial characteristics of the multiple liver expressed antimicrobial peptides (LEAPs) in teleost fish
title_full Comparative study on antibacterial characteristics of the multiple liver expressed antimicrobial peptides (LEAPs) in teleost fish
title_fullStr Comparative study on antibacterial characteristics of the multiple liver expressed antimicrobial peptides (LEAPs) in teleost fish
title_full_unstemmed Comparative study on antibacterial characteristics of the multiple liver expressed antimicrobial peptides (LEAPs) in teleost fish
title_short Comparative study on antibacterial characteristics of the multiple liver expressed antimicrobial peptides (LEAPs) in teleost fish
title_sort comparative study on antibacterial characteristics of the multiple liver expressed antimicrobial peptides (leaps) in teleost fish
topic Immunology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9986249/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36891317
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1128138
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