Cargando…

Prevalence and associated factors of delayed sputum smear conversion in patients treated for smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis: A retrospective follow up study in Sabah, Malaysia

INTRODUCTION: Tuberculosis remains a major health problem globally and in Malaysia, particularly in the state of Sabah. Delayed sputum conversion is associated with treatment failure, drug-resistant tuberculosis and mortality. We aimed to determine the prevalence of delayed sputum conversion among s...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Khor, Linghui Amanda, A. Wahid, Ulfa Nur Izzati, Ling, Lee Lee, Liansim, Sarah Michael S., Oon, Jush’n, Balakrishnan, Mahendran Naidu, Ng, Wei Leik, Cheong, Ai Theng
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9987811/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36877714
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0282733
_version_ 1784901456509272064
author Khor, Linghui Amanda
A. Wahid, Ulfa Nur Izzati
Ling, Lee Lee
Liansim, Sarah Michael S.
Oon, Jush’n
Balakrishnan, Mahendran Naidu
Ng, Wei Leik
Cheong, Ai Theng
author_facet Khor, Linghui Amanda
A. Wahid, Ulfa Nur Izzati
Ling, Lee Lee
Liansim, Sarah Michael S.
Oon, Jush’n
Balakrishnan, Mahendran Naidu
Ng, Wei Leik
Cheong, Ai Theng
author_sort Khor, Linghui Amanda
collection PubMed
description INTRODUCTION: Tuberculosis remains a major health problem globally and in Malaysia, particularly in the state of Sabah. Delayed sputum conversion is associated with treatment failure, drug-resistant tuberculosis and mortality. We aimed to determine the prevalence of delayed sputum conversion among smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) patients and its associated factors in Sabah, Malaysia. METHODS: A retrospective follow up study on all patients newly diagnosed with smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis from 2017 to 2019 was conducted at three government health clinics in Sabah, utilizing data from a national electronic tuberculosis database and medical records. Descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression were applied for data analysis. The outcome of the study was the sputum conversion status at the end of the two-month intensive treatment phase with either successful conversion to smear negative or non-conversion. RESULTS: 374 patients were included in the analysis. Our patients were generally younger than 60 years old with no medical illness and varying proportions of tuberculosis severity as judged by radiographic appearance and sputum bacillary load upon diagnosis. Foreigners constituted 27.8% of our sample. 8.8% (confidence interval: 6.2–12.2) did not convert to smear negative at the end of the intensive phase. Binary logistic regression showed that older patients ≥60 years old (adjusted odds ratio, AOR = 4.303), foreigners (AOR = 3.184) and patients with higher sputum bacillary load at diagnosis [2+ (AOR = 5.061) and 3+ (AOR = 4.992)] were more likely to have delayed sputum smear conversion. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of delayed sputum conversion in our study was considerably low at 8.8% with age ≥60 years old, foreigners and higher pre-treatment sputum bacillary load associated with delayed conversion. Healthcare providers should take note of these factors and ensure the patients receive proper follow up treatment.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-9987811
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2023
publisher Public Library of Science
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-99878112023-03-07 Prevalence and associated factors of delayed sputum smear conversion in patients treated for smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis: A retrospective follow up study in Sabah, Malaysia Khor, Linghui Amanda A. Wahid, Ulfa Nur Izzati Ling, Lee Lee Liansim, Sarah Michael S. Oon, Jush’n Balakrishnan, Mahendran Naidu Ng, Wei Leik Cheong, Ai Theng PLoS One Research Article INTRODUCTION: Tuberculosis remains a major health problem globally and in Malaysia, particularly in the state of Sabah. Delayed sputum conversion is associated with treatment failure, drug-resistant tuberculosis and mortality. We aimed to determine the prevalence of delayed sputum conversion among smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) patients and its associated factors in Sabah, Malaysia. METHODS: A retrospective follow up study on all patients newly diagnosed with smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis from 2017 to 2019 was conducted at three government health clinics in Sabah, utilizing data from a national electronic tuberculosis database and medical records. Descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression were applied for data analysis. The outcome of the study was the sputum conversion status at the end of the two-month intensive treatment phase with either successful conversion to smear negative or non-conversion. RESULTS: 374 patients were included in the analysis. Our patients were generally younger than 60 years old with no medical illness and varying proportions of tuberculosis severity as judged by radiographic appearance and sputum bacillary load upon diagnosis. Foreigners constituted 27.8% of our sample. 8.8% (confidence interval: 6.2–12.2) did not convert to smear negative at the end of the intensive phase. Binary logistic regression showed that older patients ≥60 years old (adjusted odds ratio, AOR = 4.303), foreigners (AOR = 3.184) and patients with higher sputum bacillary load at diagnosis [2+ (AOR = 5.061) and 3+ (AOR = 4.992)] were more likely to have delayed sputum smear conversion. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of delayed sputum conversion in our study was considerably low at 8.8% with age ≥60 years old, foreigners and higher pre-treatment sputum bacillary load associated with delayed conversion. Healthcare providers should take note of these factors and ensure the patients receive proper follow up treatment. Public Library of Science 2023-03-06 /pmc/articles/PMC9987811/ /pubmed/36877714 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0282733 Text en © 2023 Khor et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Khor, Linghui Amanda
A. Wahid, Ulfa Nur Izzati
Ling, Lee Lee
Liansim, Sarah Michael S.
Oon, Jush’n
Balakrishnan, Mahendran Naidu
Ng, Wei Leik
Cheong, Ai Theng
Prevalence and associated factors of delayed sputum smear conversion in patients treated for smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis: A retrospective follow up study in Sabah, Malaysia
title Prevalence and associated factors of delayed sputum smear conversion in patients treated for smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis: A retrospective follow up study in Sabah, Malaysia
title_full Prevalence and associated factors of delayed sputum smear conversion in patients treated for smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis: A retrospective follow up study in Sabah, Malaysia
title_fullStr Prevalence and associated factors of delayed sputum smear conversion in patients treated for smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis: A retrospective follow up study in Sabah, Malaysia
title_full_unstemmed Prevalence and associated factors of delayed sputum smear conversion in patients treated for smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis: A retrospective follow up study in Sabah, Malaysia
title_short Prevalence and associated factors of delayed sputum smear conversion in patients treated for smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis: A retrospective follow up study in Sabah, Malaysia
title_sort prevalence and associated factors of delayed sputum smear conversion in patients treated for smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis: a retrospective follow up study in sabah, malaysia
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9987811/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36877714
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0282733
work_keys_str_mv AT khorlinghuiamanda prevalenceandassociatedfactorsofdelayedsputumsmearconversioninpatientstreatedforsmearpositivepulmonarytuberculosisaretrospectivefollowupstudyinsabahmalaysia
AT awahidulfanurizzati prevalenceandassociatedfactorsofdelayedsputumsmearconversioninpatientstreatedforsmearpositivepulmonarytuberculosisaretrospectivefollowupstudyinsabahmalaysia
AT lingleelee prevalenceandassociatedfactorsofdelayedsputumsmearconversioninpatientstreatedforsmearpositivepulmonarytuberculosisaretrospectivefollowupstudyinsabahmalaysia
AT liansimsarahmichaels prevalenceandassociatedfactorsofdelayedsputumsmearconversioninpatientstreatedforsmearpositivepulmonarytuberculosisaretrospectivefollowupstudyinsabahmalaysia
AT oonjushn prevalenceandassociatedfactorsofdelayedsputumsmearconversioninpatientstreatedforsmearpositivepulmonarytuberculosisaretrospectivefollowupstudyinsabahmalaysia
AT balakrishnanmahendrannaidu prevalenceandassociatedfactorsofdelayedsputumsmearconversioninpatientstreatedforsmearpositivepulmonarytuberculosisaretrospectivefollowupstudyinsabahmalaysia
AT ngweileik prevalenceandassociatedfactorsofdelayedsputumsmearconversioninpatientstreatedforsmearpositivepulmonarytuberculosisaretrospectivefollowupstudyinsabahmalaysia
AT cheongaitheng prevalenceandassociatedfactorsofdelayedsputumsmearconversioninpatientstreatedforsmearpositivepulmonarytuberculosisaretrospectivefollowupstudyinsabahmalaysia