Cargando…
Productive and physiological implications of top-dress addition of branched-chain amino acids and arginine on lactating sows and offspring
BACKGROUND: Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), including L-leucine (L-Leu), L-isoleucine (L-Ile), L-valine (L-Val), and L-arginine (L-Arg), play a crucial role in mammary gland development, secretion of milk and regulation of the catabolic state and immune response of lactating sows. Furthermore, i...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2023
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9990366/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36879289 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40104-022-00819-8 |
_version_ | 1784901925250007040 |
---|---|
author | Luise, Diana Correa, Federico Stefanelli, Claudio Simongiovanni, Aude Chalvon-Demersay, Tristan Zini, Maddalena Fusco, Luciano Bosi, Paolo Trevisi, Paolo |
author_facet | Luise, Diana Correa, Federico Stefanelli, Claudio Simongiovanni, Aude Chalvon-Demersay, Tristan Zini, Maddalena Fusco, Luciano Bosi, Paolo Trevisi, Paolo |
author_sort | Luise, Diana |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), including L-leucine (L-Leu), L-isoleucine (L-Ile), L-valine (L-Val), and L-arginine (L-Arg), play a crucial role in mammary gland development, secretion of milk and regulation of the catabolic state and immune response of lactating sows. Furthermore, it has recently been suggested that free amino acids (AAs) can also act as microbial modulators. This study aimed at evaluating whether the supplementation of lactating sows with BCAAs (9, 4.5 and 9 g/d/sow of L-Val, L-Ile and L-Leu, respectively) and/or L-Arg (22.5 g/d/sow), above the estimated nutritional requirement, could influence the physiological and immunological parameters, microbial profile, colostrum and milk composition and performance of sows and their offspring. RESULTS: At d 41, piglets born from the sows supplemented with the AAs were heavier (P = 0.03). The BCAAs increased glucose and prolactin (P < 0.05) in the sows’ serum at d 27, tended to increase immunoglobulin A (IgA) and IgM in the colostrum (P = 0.06), increased the IgA (P = 0.004) in the milk at d 20 and tended to increase lymphocyte% in the sows’ blood at d 27 (P = 0.07). Furthermore, the BCAAs tended to reduce the Chao1 and Shannon microbial indices (P < 0.10) in the sows’ faeces. The BCAA group was discriminated by Prevotellaceae_UCG-004, Erysipelatoclostridiaceae UCG-004, the Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group and Treponema berlinense. Arginine reduced piglet mortality pre- (d 7, d 14) and post-weaning (d 41) (P < 0.05). Furthermore, Arg increased the IgM in the sow serum at d 10 (P = 0.05), glucose and prolactin (P < 0.05) in the sow serum at d 27 and the monocyte percentage in the piglet blood at d 27 (P = 0.025) and their jejunal expression of NFKB2 (P = 0.035) while it reduced the expression of GPX-2 (P = 0.024). The faecal microbiota of the sows in Arg group was discriminated by Bacteroidales. The combination of BCAAs and Arg tended to increase spermine at d 27 (P = 0.099), tended to increase the Igs (IgA and IgG, P < 0.10) at d 20 in the milk, favoured the faecal colonisation of Oscillospiraceae UCG-005 and improved piglet growth. CONCLUSION: Feeding Arg and BCAAs above the estimated requirements for milk production may be a strategy to improve sow productive performance in terms of piglet average daily gain (ADG), immune competence and survivability via modulation of the metabolism, colostrum and milk compositions and intestinal microbiota of the sows. The synergistic effect between these AAs, noticeable by the increase of Igs and spermine in the milk and in the improvement of the performance of the piglets, deserves additional investigation. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40104-022-00819-8 |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9990366 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-99903662023-03-08 Productive and physiological implications of top-dress addition of branched-chain amino acids and arginine on lactating sows and offspring Luise, Diana Correa, Federico Stefanelli, Claudio Simongiovanni, Aude Chalvon-Demersay, Tristan Zini, Maddalena Fusco, Luciano Bosi, Paolo Trevisi, Paolo J Anim Sci Biotechnol Research BACKGROUND: Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), including L-leucine (L-Leu), L-isoleucine (L-Ile), L-valine (L-Val), and L-arginine (L-Arg), play a crucial role in mammary gland development, secretion of milk and regulation of the catabolic state and immune response of lactating sows. Furthermore, it has recently been suggested that free amino acids (AAs) can also act as microbial modulators. This study aimed at evaluating whether the supplementation of lactating sows with BCAAs (9, 4.5 and 9 g/d/sow of L-Val, L-Ile and L-Leu, respectively) and/or L-Arg (22.5 g/d/sow), above the estimated nutritional requirement, could influence the physiological and immunological parameters, microbial profile, colostrum and milk composition and performance of sows and their offspring. RESULTS: At d 41, piglets born from the sows supplemented with the AAs were heavier (P = 0.03). The BCAAs increased glucose and prolactin (P < 0.05) in the sows’ serum at d 27, tended to increase immunoglobulin A (IgA) and IgM in the colostrum (P = 0.06), increased the IgA (P = 0.004) in the milk at d 20 and tended to increase lymphocyte% in the sows’ blood at d 27 (P = 0.07). Furthermore, the BCAAs tended to reduce the Chao1 and Shannon microbial indices (P < 0.10) in the sows’ faeces. The BCAA group was discriminated by Prevotellaceae_UCG-004, Erysipelatoclostridiaceae UCG-004, the Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group and Treponema berlinense. Arginine reduced piglet mortality pre- (d 7, d 14) and post-weaning (d 41) (P < 0.05). Furthermore, Arg increased the IgM in the sow serum at d 10 (P = 0.05), glucose and prolactin (P < 0.05) in the sow serum at d 27 and the monocyte percentage in the piglet blood at d 27 (P = 0.025) and their jejunal expression of NFKB2 (P = 0.035) while it reduced the expression of GPX-2 (P = 0.024). The faecal microbiota of the sows in Arg group was discriminated by Bacteroidales. The combination of BCAAs and Arg tended to increase spermine at d 27 (P = 0.099), tended to increase the Igs (IgA and IgG, P < 0.10) at d 20 in the milk, favoured the faecal colonisation of Oscillospiraceae UCG-005 and improved piglet growth. CONCLUSION: Feeding Arg and BCAAs above the estimated requirements for milk production may be a strategy to improve sow productive performance in terms of piglet average daily gain (ADG), immune competence and survivability via modulation of the metabolism, colostrum and milk compositions and intestinal microbiota of the sows. The synergistic effect between these AAs, noticeable by the increase of Igs and spermine in the milk and in the improvement of the performance of the piglets, deserves additional investigation. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40104-022-00819-8 BioMed Central 2023-03-07 /pmc/articles/PMC9990366/ /pubmed/36879289 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40104-022-00819-8 Text en © The Author(s) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. |
spellingShingle | Research Luise, Diana Correa, Federico Stefanelli, Claudio Simongiovanni, Aude Chalvon-Demersay, Tristan Zini, Maddalena Fusco, Luciano Bosi, Paolo Trevisi, Paolo Productive and physiological implications of top-dress addition of branched-chain amino acids and arginine on lactating sows and offspring |
title | Productive and physiological implications of top-dress addition of branched-chain amino acids and arginine on lactating sows and offspring |
title_full | Productive and physiological implications of top-dress addition of branched-chain amino acids and arginine on lactating sows and offspring |
title_fullStr | Productive and physiological implications of top-dress addition of branched-chain amino acids and arginine on lactating sows and offspring |
title_full_unstemmed | Productive and physiological implications of top-dress addition of branched-chain amino acids and arginine on lactating sows and offspring |
title_short | Productive and physiological implications of top-dress addition of branched-chain amino acids and arginine on lactating sows and offspring |
title_sort | productive and physiological implications of top-dress addition of branched-chain amino acids and arginine on lactating sows and offspring |
topic | Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9990366/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36879289 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40104-022-00819-8 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT luisediana productiveandphysiologicalimplicationsoftopdressadditionofbranchedchainaminoacidsandarginineonlactatingsowsandoffspring AT correafederico productiveandphysiologicalimplicationsoftopdressadditionofbranchedchainaminoacidsandarginineonlactatingsowsandoffspring AT stefanelliclaudio productiveandphysiologicalimplicationsoftopdressadditionofbranchedchainaminoacidsandarginineonlactatingsowsandoffspring AT simongiovanniaude productiveandphysiologicalimplicationsoftopdressadditionofbranchedchainaminoacidsandarginineonlactatingsowsandoffspring AT chalvondemersaytristan productiveandphysiologicalimplicationsoftopdressadditionofbranchedchainaminoacidsandarginineonlactatingsowsandoffspring AT zinimaddalena productiveandphysiologicalimplicationsoftopdressadditionofbranchedchainaminoacidsandarginineonlactatingsowsandoffspring AT fuscoluciano productiveandphysiologicalimplicationsoftopdressadditionofbranchedchainaminoacidsandarginineonlactatingsowsandoffspring AT bosipaolo productiveandphysiologicalimplicationsoftopdressadditionofbranchedchainaminoacidsandarginineonlactatingsowsandoffspring AT trevisipaolo productiveandphysiologicalimplicationsoftopdressadditionofbranchedchainaminoacidsandarginineonlactatingsowsandoffspring |