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Petrogenesis of extra-large flake graphite at the Bissett Creek deposit, Canada
The petrogenesis of extra-large flake graphite is enigmatic. The Bissett Creek graphite deposit, consisting of flake graphite hosted in upper-amphibolite facies quartzofeldspathic gneisses and rare aluminous gneisses, provides an analogue for graphite exploration. In the Bissett Creek gneisses, grap...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9992087/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36911364 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00126-022-01145-9 |
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author | Drever, Cameron Kinney, Carson Yakymchuk, Chris |
author_facet | Drever, Cameron Kinney, Carson Yakymchuk, Chris |
author_sort | Drever, Cameron |
collection | PubMed |
description | The petrogenesis of extra-large flake graphite is enigmatic. The Bissett Creek graphite deposit, consisting of flake graphite hosted in upper-amphibolite facies quartzofeldspathic gneisses and rare aluminous gneisses, provides an analogue for graphite exploration. In the Bissett Creek gneisses, graphite is homogeneously distributed and composes 2–10 vol. % of the rocks. Disseminated graphite flakes (~ 1 to 6 mm in size) are interleaved with biotite and are petrologically associated with upper-amphibolite facies metamorphic mineral assemblages. Thermobarometry and phase equilibrium modeling yield peak temperatures of > 760 °C at 0.5–0.9 GPa. Whole-rock samples with abundant graphite yield δ(13)C(VPDB) from − 28 to − 14‰. δ(34)S(VCDT) values of sulfide-bearing samples vary from 10 to 15‰. Sulfur and carbon isotope values are compatible with a biogenic origin, flake graphite probably formed from metamorphism of in situ organic material. However, the variability of δ(13)C values from the deposit along with graphite microstructures suggest that carbon-bearing metamorphic fluid (or melt) generated during metamorphism may have remobilized carbon resulting in anomalously large to extra-large flake sizes. This may be a common mechanism globally to explain large graphite flake sizes where graphite formed through in situ metamorphism of organic matter is coarsened due to remobilization of CO(2)-rich fluids (or melt) during high-temperature metamorphism. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00126-022-01145-9. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9992087 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Springer Berlin Heidelberg |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-99920872023-03-09 Petrogenesis of extra-large flake graphite at the Bissett Creek deposit, Canada Drever, Cameron Kinney, Carson Yakymchuk, Chris Miner Depos Article The petrogenesis of extra-large flake graphite is enigmatic. The Bissett Creek graphite deposit, consisting of flake graphite hosted in upper-amphibolite facies quartzofeldspathic gneisses and rare aluminous gneisses, provides an analogue for graphite exploration. In the Bissett Creek gneisses, graphite is homogeneously distributed and composes 2–10 vol. % of the rocks. Disseminated graphite flakes (~ 1 to 6 mm in size) are interleaved with biotite and are petrologically associated with upper-amphibolite facies metamorphic mineral assemblages. Thermobarometry and phase equilibrium modeling yield peak temperatures of > 760 °C at 0.5–0.9 GPa. Whole-rock samples with abundant graphite yield δ(13)C(VPDB) from − 28 to − 14‰. δ(34)S(VCDT) values of sulfide-bearing samples vary from 10 to 15‰. Sulfur and carbon isotope values are compatible with a biogenic origin, flake graphite probably formed from metamorphism of in situ organic material. However, the variability of δ(13)C values from the deposit along with graphite microstructures suggest that carbon-bearing metamorphic fluid (or melt) generated during metamorphism may have remobilized carbon resulting in anomalously large to extra-large flake sizes. This may be a common mechanism globally to explain large graphite flake sizes where graphite formed through in situ metamorphism of organic matter is coarsened due to remobilization of CO(2)-rich fluids (or melt) during high-temperature metamorphism. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00126-022-01145-9. Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2022-12-05 2023 /pmc/articles/PMC9992087/ /pubmed/36911364 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00126-022-01145-9 Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Article Drever, Cameron Kinney, Carson Yakymchuk, Chris Petrogenesis of extra-large flake graphite at the Bissett Creek deposit, Canada |
title | Petrogenesis of extra-large flake graphite at the Bissett Creek deposit, Canada |
title_full | Petrogenesis of extra-large flake graphite at the Bissett Creek deposit, Canada |
title_fullStr | Petrogenesis of extra-large flake graphite at the Bissett Creek deposit, Canada |
title_full_unstemmed | Petrogenesis of extra-large flake graphite at the Bissett Creek deposit, Canada |
title_short | Petrogenesis of extra-large flake graphite at the Bissett Creek deposit, Canada |
title_sort | petrogenesis of extra-large flake graphite at the bissett creek deposit, canada |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9992087/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36911364 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00126-022-01145-9 |
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