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The nonlinear relationship between thyroid function parameters and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease
BACKGROUND: The relationship between thyroid function parameters and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) remains controversial. Additionally, little is known about the relationship between thyroid function parameters and MAFLD in the Chinese population. METHODS: We conducted...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2023
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9992977/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36909326 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2023.1115354 |
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author | Hu, Yingying Zhou, Fan Lei, Fang Lin, Lijin Huang, Xuewei Sun, Tao Liu, Weifang Zhang, Xingyuan Cai, Jingjing She, Zhi-Gang Li, Hongliang |
author_facet | Hu, Yingying Zhou, Fan Lei, Fang Lin, Lijin Huang, Xuewei Sun, Tao Liu, Weifang Zhang, Xingyuan Cai, Jingjing She, Zhi-Gang Li, Hongliang |
author_sort | Hu, Yingying |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: The relationship between thyroid function parameters and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) remains controversial. Additionally, little is known about the relationship between thyroid function parameters and MAFLD in the Chinese population. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study involving 177,540 individuals with thyroid function tests and MAFLD diagnosis from 2010-2018. The association between thyroid function parameters and MAFLD was evaluated on a continuous scale with restricted cubic spline (RCS) models and by the prior-defined centile categories with multivariable-adjusted logistic regression models. Thyroid function parameters included free triiodothyronine (FT3), free tetra-iodothyronine (FT4), and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). Additionally, fully adjusted RCS models stratified by sex, age, and location were studied. RESULTS: In the RCS models, the risk of MAFLD increased with higher levels of FT3 when FT3 <5.58pmol/L, while the risk of MAFLD decreased with higher levels of FT3 when FT3 ≥5.58pmol/L (P nonlinearity <0.05). While RCS analysis suggested that the FT4 levels had a negative association with MAFLD (P nonlinearity <0.05), indicating an increase in FT4 levels was associated with a decreased risk of MAFLD. RCS analysis suggested an overall positive association between the concentration of TSH and MAFLD risk (P nonlinearity <0.05). The rising slope was sharper when the TSH concentration was less than 1.79uIU/mL, which indicated the association between TSH and MAFLD risk was tightly interrelated within this range. The multivariable logistic regression showed that populations in the 81st-95th centile had the highest risk of MAFLD among all centiles of FT3/TSH, with the 1st-5th centile as the reference category. CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggested nonlinear relationships between thyroid function parameters and MAFLD. Thyroid function parameters could be additional modifiable risk factors apart from the proven risk factors to steer new avenues regarding MAFLD prevention and treatment. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9992977 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-99929772023-03-09 The nonlinear relationship between thyroid function parameters and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease Hu, Yingying Zhou, Fan Lei, Fang Lin, Lijin Huang, Xuewei Sun, Tao Liu, Weifang Zhang, Xingyuan Cai, Jingjing She, Zhi-Gang Li, Hongliang Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) Endocrinology BACKGROUND: The relationship between thyroid function parameters and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) remains controversial. Additionally, little is known about the relationship between thyroid function parameters and MAFLD in the Chinese population. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study involving 177,540 individuals with thyroid function tests and MAFLD diagnosis from 2010-2018. The association between thyroid function parameters and MAFLD was evaluated on a continuous scale with restricted cubic spline (RCS) models and by the prior-defined centile categories with multivariable-adjusted logistic regression models. Thyroid function parameters included free triiodothyronine (FT3), free tetra-iodothyronine (FT4), and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). Additionally, fully adjusted RCS models stratified by sex, age, and location were studied. RESULTS: In the RCS models, the risk of MAFLD increased with higher levels of FT3 when FT3 <5.58pmol/L, while the risk of MAFLD decreased with higher levels of FT3 when FT3 ≥5.58pmol/L (P nonlinearity <0.05). While RCS analysis suggested that the FT4 levels had a negative association with MAFLD (P nonlinearity <0.05), indicating an increase in FT4 levels was associated with a decreased risk of MAFLD. RCS analysis suggested an overall positive association between the concentration of TSH and MAFLD risk (P nonlinearity <0.05). The rising slope was sharper when the TSH concentration was less than 1.79uIU/mL, which indicated the association between TSH and MAFLD risk was tightly interrelated within this range. The multivariable logistic regression showed that populations in the 81st-95th centile had the highest risk of MAFLD among all centiles of FT3/TSH, with the 1st-5th centile as the reference category. CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggested nonlinear relationships between thyroid function parameters and MAFLD. Thyroid function parameters could be additional modifiable risk factors apart from the proven risk factors to steer new avenues regarding MAFLD prevention and treatment. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-02-22 /pmc/articles/PMC9992977/ /pubmed/36909326 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2023.1115354 Text en Copyright © 2023 Hu, Zhou, Lei, Lin, Huang, Sun, Liu, Zhang, Cai, She and Li https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Endocrinology Hu, Yingying Zhou, Fan Lei, Fang Lin, Lijin Huang, Xuewei Sun, Tao Liu, Weifang Zhang, Xingyuan Cai, Jingjing She, Zhi-Gang Li, Hongliang The nonlinear relationship between thyroid function parameters and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease |
title | The nonlinear relationship between thyroid function parameters and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease |
title_full | The nonlinear relationship between thyroid function parameters and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease |
title_fullStr | The nonlinear relationship between thyroid function parameters and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease |
title_full_unstemmed | The nonlinear relationship between thyroid function parameters and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease |
title_short | The nonlinear relationship between thyroid function parameters and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease |
title_sort | nonlinear relationship between thyroid function parameters and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease |
topic | Endocrinology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9992977/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36909326 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2023.1115354 |
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