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LLPS vs. LLCPS: analogies and differences
We compare the process of Liquid–Liquid Phase Separation (LLPS) of flexible macromolecular solutions, with the Liquid–Liquid Crystalline Phase Separation (LLCPS) of semiflexible polymers and rigid filamentous colloids, which involves the formation of a liquid phase that possesses a directional align...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
The Royal Society of Chemistry
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9993225/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36806460 http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d2sm01455f |
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author | Azzari, Paride Mezzenga, Raffaele |
author_facet | Azzari, Paride Mezzenga, Raffaele |
author_sort | Azzari, Paride |
collection | PubMed |
description | We compare the process of Liquid–Liquid Phase Separation (LLPS) of flexible macromolecular solutions, with the Liquid–Liquid Crystalline Phase Separation (LLCPS) of semiflexible polymers and rigid filamentous colloids, which involves the formation of a liquid phase that possesses a directional alignment. Although the observed phase separation follows a similar dynamic path, namely nucleation and growth or spinodal decomposition separating two phases of dilute and concentrated compositions, the underlying physics that defines the theoretical framework of LLCPS is completely different from the one of LLPS. We review the main theories that describe the phase separation processes and relying on thermodynamics and dynamical arguments, we highlight the differences and analogies between these two phase separation phenomena, attempting to clarify the inner mechanisms that regulate those two processes. A particular focus is given to metastable phases, as these intermediate states represent a key element in understanding how phase separation works. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9993225 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | The Royal Society of Chemistry |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-99932252023-03-09 LLPS vs. LLCPS: analogies and differences Azzari, Paride Mezzenga, Raffaele Soft Matter Chemistry We compare the process of Liquid–Liquid Phase Separation (LLPS) of flexible macromolecular solutions, with the Liquid–Liquid Crystalline Phase Separation (LLCPS) of semiflexible polymers and rigid filamentous colloids, which involves the formation of a liquid phase that possesses a directional alignment. Although the observed phase separation follows a similar dynamic path, namely nucleation and growth or spinodal decomposition separating two phases of dilute and concentrated compositions, the underlying physics that defines the theoretical framework of LLCPS is completely different from the one of LLPS. We review the main theories that describe the phase separation processes and relying on thermodynamics and dynamical arguments, we highlight the differences and analogies between these two phase separation phenomena, attempting to clarify the inner mechanisms that regulate those two processes. A particular focus is given to metastable phases, as these intermediate states represent a key element in understanding how phase separation works. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2023-02-14 /pmc/articles/PMC9993225/ /pubmed/36806460 http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d2sm01455f Text en This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ |
spellingShingle | Chemistry Azzari, Paride Mezzenga, Raffaele LLPS vs. LLCPS: analogies and differences |
title | LLPS vs. LLCPS: analogies and differences |
title_full | LLPS vs. LLCPS: analogies and differences |
title_fullStr | LLPS vs. LLCPS: analogies and differences |
title_full_unstemmed | LLPS vs. LLCPS: analogies and differences |
title_short | LLPS vs. LLCPS: analogies and differences |
title_sort | llps vs. llcps: analogies and differences |
topic | Chemistry |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9993225/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36806460 http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d2sm01455f |
work_keys_str_mv | AT azzariparide llpsvsllcpsanalogiesanddifferences AT mezzengaraffaele llpsvsllcpsanalogiesanddifferences |