Electrochemical biosensor based on antibody-modified Au nanoparticles for rapid and sensitive analysis of influenza A virus

To cope with the easy transmissibility of the avian influenza A virus subtype H1N1, a biosensor was developed for rapid and highly sensitive electrochemical immunoassay. Based on the principle of specific binding between antibody and virus molecules, the active molecule-antibody-adapter structure was formed on the surface of an Au NP substrate electrode; it included a highly specific surface area and good electrochemical activity for selective amplification detection of the H1N1 virus. The electrochemical test results showed that the BSA/H1N1 Ab/Glu/Cys/Au NPs/CP electrode was used for the electrochemical detection of the H1N1 virus with a sensitivity of 92.1 µA (pg/mL)(−1) cm(2), LOD of 0.25 pg/ml, linear ranges of 0.25–5 pg/mL, and linearity of (R(2) = 0.9846). A convenient H1N1 antibody-based electrochemical electrode for the molecular detection of the H1N1 virus will be of great use in the field of epidemic prevention and raw poultry protection. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT: [Image: see text] SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11581-023-04944-w.