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Application of individual and integrated pollution indices of trace elements to evaluate the noise barrier impact on the soil environment in Wrocław (Poland)
Trace elements emitted by road transport cause long-term contamination of road soils. This study showed the effect of the noise barrier on the spatial distribution of metals in soils at the City Centre Ring Road in Wrocław (Poland). Samples were taken along the barrier every 150 m and across the scr...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9995431/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36370304 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-23563-y |
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author | Hołtra, Anna Zamorska-Wojdyła, Dorota |
author_facet | Hołtra, Anna Zamorska-Wojdyła, Dorota |
author_sort | Hołtra, Anna |
collection | PubMed |
description | Trace elements emitted by road transport cause long-term contamination of road soils. This study showed the effect of the noise barrier on the spatial distribution of metals in soils at the City Centre Ring Road in Wrocław (Poland). Samples were taken along the barrier every 150 m and across the screen at distances of 0.5, 2.5, 5 (only on the left side), 10, 20, and 50 m from the noise screen on both sides of road no. 5. The contamination of soils was assessed with the use of commonly used individual pollution indices, integrated pollution indices based on the PI index or metal concentrations, and a potential ecological risk index (RI). The geoaccumulation index (Igeo) and the single pollution index (PI) indicate moderate contamination of soils by Cu, Pb, and Zn at most measuring points. The significant risk was reported from Cd in all samples. Integrated pollution indices, especially the PI_Nemerow, PI_avg, and RI confirm the poor quality of studied soils. The presence of elements in soil is related to anthropogenic factors. The spatial distribution of pollution indices and results of statistical analysis (HCA) indicate that Cr and Ni are of natural origin. Remaining elements (Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn) are of mixed origin with a large share from car transport (the significant Spearman’s correlation coefficients). In the case of cadmium, dendograms suggest the existence of an additional anthropogenic source, which is also confirmed by moderately strong correlations of this element with other metals. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9995431 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Springer Berlin Heidelberg |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-99954312023-03-10 Application of individual and integrated pollution indices of trace elements to evaluate the noise barrier impact on the soil environment in Wrocław (Poland) Hołtra, Anna Zamorska-Wojdyła, Dorota Environ Sci Pollut Res Int Research Article Trace elements emitted by road transport cause long-term contamination of road soils. This study showed the effect of the noise barrier on the spatial distribution of metals in soils at the City Centre Ring Road in Wrocław (Poland). Samples were taken along the barrier every 150 m and across the screen at distances of 0.5, 2.5, 5 (only on the left side), 10, 20, and 50 m from the noise screen on both sides of road no. 5. The contamination of soils was assessed with the use of commonly used individual pollution indices, integrated pollution indices based on the PI index or metal concentrations, and a potential ecological risk index (RI). The geoaccumulation index (Igeo) and the single pollution index (PI) indicate moderate contamination of soils by Cu, Pb, and Zn at most measuring points. The significant risk was reported from Cd in all samples. Integrated pollution indices, especially the PI_Nemerow, PI_avg, and RI confirm the poor quality of studied soils. The presence of elements in soil is related to anthropogenic factors. The spatial distribution of pollution indices and results of statistical analysis (HCA) indicate that Cr and Ni are of natural origin. Remaining elements (Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn) are of mixed origin with a large share from car transport (the significant Spearman’s correlation coefficients). In the case of cadmium, dendograms suggest the existence of an additional anthropogenic source, which is also confirmed by moderately strong correlations of this element with other metals. Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2022-11-12 2023 /pmc/articles/PMC9995431/ /pubmed/36370304 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-23563-y Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Research Article Hołtra, Anna Zamorska-Wojdyła, Dorota Application of individual and integrated pollution indices of trace elements to evaluate the noise barrier impact on the soil environment in Wrocław (Poland) |
title | Application of individual and integrated pollution indices of trace elements to evaluate the noise barrier impact on the soil environment in Wrocław (Poland) |
title_full | Application of individual and integrated pollution indices of trace elements to evaluate the noise barrier impact on the soil environment in Wrocław (Poland) |
title_fullStr | Application of individual and integrated pollution indices of trace elements to evaluate the noise barrier impact on the soil environment in Wrocław (Poland) |
title_full_unstemmed | Application of individual and integrated pollution indices of trace elements to evaluate the noise barrier impact on the soil environment in Wrocław (Poland) |
title_short | Application of individual and integrated pollution indices of trace elements to evaluate the noise barrier impact on the soil environment in Wrocław (Poland) |
title_sort | application of individual and integrated pollution indices of trace elements to evaluate the noise barrier impact on the soil environment in wrocław (poland) |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9995431/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36370304 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-23563-y |
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