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Increased expression of GIPC2 in colon adenocarcinoma is associated with a favorable prognosis and high levels of immune cell infiltration

Gα-interacting protein C-terminus PDZ-domain-containing family member 2 (GIPC2) serves an important role in the development of digestive tract tumors; however, its role in colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) has yet to be elucidated. In the present study, data were retrieved from The Cancer Genome Atlas dat...

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Autores principales: Kang, Min, Su, Zhaoran
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: D.A. Spandidos 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9996678/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36799193
http://dx.doi.org/10.3892/or.2023.8503
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author Kang, Min
Su, Zhaoran
author_facet Kang, Min
Su, Zhaoran
author_sort Kang, Min
collection PubMed
description Gα-interacting protein C-terminus PDZ-domain-containing family member 2 (GIPC2) serves an important role in the development of digestive tract tumors; however, its role in colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) has yet to be elucidated. In the present study, data were retrieved from The Cancer Genome Atlas database to investigate the association between GIPC2 expression and prognosis, as well as the levels of tumor-infiltrating immune cells. Immunohistochemical analysis was subsequently performed on 22 pairs of COAD and adjacent normal colon tissues, which were collected during surgery, to verify GIPC2 protein expression. The results showed that the positive rate in the normal intestinal mucosa group (18/22, 81.82%) was significantly higher than that in the COAD group (3/22, 13.64%, χ(2)=20.497, P<0.001). Gene set enrichment analysis was used to predict the signaling pathways regulated by GIPC2 in COAD, whereas the CIBERSORT algorithm was used to analyze the association between GIPC2 expression and immune cell infiltration. The expression levels of GIPC2 were revealed to be significantly downregulated in COAD compared with in normal colon tissues (P<0.05). Notably, the overall survival (P=0.004), disease-specific survival (P=0.003) and progression-free interval (P=0.011) rates of the group with high GIPC2 expression were higher compared with those in the group with low GIPC2 expression. In addition, the results of the regression analysis suggested that GIPC2 was an independent prognostic factor for COAD (P=0.007). The expression levels of GIPC2 were significantly associated with tumor stage, lymph node status and lymphatic invasion, and GIPC2 expression was enriched in ‘cell cycle checkpoints’, ‘DNA replication’ and ‘mitosis-associated signaling pathways’. In addition, a positive association was observed between high GIPC2 expression and levels of infiltrating immune cells. Moreover, the expression of immune checkpoint-associated genes was significantly higher in the group with low GIPC2 expression. Taken together, the findings of the present study demonstrated that high expression levels of GIPC2 were associated with a favorable prognosis and increased infiltration of immune cells in COAD; therefore, GIPC2 may serve as a biomarker to assess prognosis and the level of immune cell infiltration in patients with COAD.
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spelling pubmed-99966782023-03-10 Increased expression of GIPC2 in colon adenocarcinoma is associated with a favorable prognosis and high levels of immune cell infiltration Kang, Min Su, Zhaoran Oncol Rep Articles Gα-interacting protein C-terminus PDZ-domain-containing family member 2 (GIPC2) serves an important role in the development of digestive tract tumors; however, its role in colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) has yet to be elucidated. In the present study, data were retrieved from The Cancer Genome Atlas database to investigate the association between GIPC2 expression and prognosis, as well as the levels of tumor-infiltrating immune cells. Immunohistochemical analysis was subsequently performed on 22 pairs of COAD and adjacent normal colon tissues, which were collected during surgery, to verify GIPC2 protein expression. The results showed that the positive rate in the normal intestinal mucosa group (18/22, 81.82%) was significantly higher than that in the COAD group (3/22, 13.64%, χ(2)=20.497, P<0.001). Gene set enrichment analysis was used to predict the signaling pathways regulated by GIPC2 in COAD, whereas the CIBERSORT algorithm was used to analyze the association between GIPC2 expression and immune cell infiltration. The expression levels of GIPC2 were revealed to be significantly downregulated in COAD compared with in normal colon tissues (P<0.05). Notably, the overall survival (P=0.004), disease-specific survival (P=0.003) and progression-free interval (P=0.011) rates of the group with high GIPC2 expression were higher compared with those in the group with low GIPC2 expression. In addition, the results of the regression analysis suggested that GIPC2 was an independent prognostic factor for COAD (P=0.007). The expression levels of GIPC2 were significantly associated with tumor stage, lymph node status and lymphatic invasion, and GIPC2 expression was enriched in ‘cell cycle checkpoints’, ‘DNA replication’ and ‘mitosis-associated signaling pathways’. In addition, a positive association was observed between high GIPC2 expression and levels of infiltrating immune cells. Moreover, the expression of immune checkpoint-associated genes was significantly higher in the group with low GIPC2 expression. Taken together, the findings of the present study demonstrated that high expression levels of GIPC2 were associated with a favorable prognosis and increased infiltration of immune cells in COAD; therefore, GIPC2 may serve as a biomarker to assess prognosis and the level of immune cell infiltration in patients with COAD. D.A. Spandidos 2023-02-15 /pmc/articles/PMC9996678/ /pubmed/36799193 http://dx.doi.org/10.3892/or.2023.8503 Text en Copyright: © Kang et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) , which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.
spellingShingle Articles
Kang, Min
Su, Zhaoran
Increased expression of GIPC2 in colon adenocarcinoma is associated with a favorable prognosis and high levels of immune cell infiltration
title Increased expression of GIPC2 in colon adenocarcinoma is associated with a favorable prognosis and high levels of immune cell infiltration
title_full Increased expression of GIPC2 in colon adenocarcinoma is associated with a favorable prognosis and high levels of immune cell infiltration
title_fullStr Increased expression of GIPC2 in colon adenocarcinoma is associated with a favorable prognosis and high levels of immune cell infiltration
title_full_unstemmed Increased expression of GIPC2 in colon adenocarcinoma is associated with a favorable prognosis and high levels of immune cell infiltration
title_short Increased expression of GIPC2 in colon adenocarcinoma is associated with a favorable prognosis and high levels of immune cell infiltration
title_sort increased expression of gipc2 in colon adenocarcinoma is associated with a favorable prognosis and high levels of immune cell infiltration
topic Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9996678/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36799193
http://dx.doi.org/10.3892/or.2023.8503
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