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Function of cell adhesion molecules in differentiation of ray sensory neurons in C. elegans

For proper functioning of the nervous system, it is crucial that neurons find their appropriate partners and build the correct neural connection patterns. Although cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) have been studied for many years as essential players in neural connections, we have yet to unravel the c...

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Autores principales: Sakai, Naoko, Sun, Peter, Kim, Byunghyuk, Emmons, Scott W
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Oxford University Press 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9997551/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36573343
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/g3journal/jkac338
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author Sakai, Naoko
Sun, Peter
Kim, Byunghyuk
Emmons, Scott W
author_facet Sakai, Naoko
Sun, Peter
Kim, Byunghyuk
Emmons, Scott W
author_sort Sakai, Naoko
collection PubMed
description For proper functioning of the nervous system, it is crucial that neurons find their appropriate partners and build the correct neural connection patterns. Although cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) have been studied for many years as essential players in neural connections, we have yet to unravel the code by which CAMs encode synaptic specificity. We analyzed the effects of mutations in CAM genes on the morphology and synapses of a set of sensory neurons in the Caenorhabditis elegans male tail. B-type ray sensory neurons express 10 genes encoding CAMs. We examined the effect on axon trajectory and localization of pre-synaptic components in viable mutants of nine of these. We found axon trajectory defects in mutants of UNC-40/DCC, SAX-3/ROBO, and FMI-1/Flamingo/Celsr1. None of the mutations caused loss of pre-synaptic components in axons, and in several the level even appeared to increase, suggesting possible accumulation of pre-synapses. B-type sensory neurons fasciculate with a second type of ray sensory neuron, the A-type, in axon commissures. We found a CAM expressed in A-type functions additively with a CAM expressed in B-type in axon guidance, and lack of a CAM expressed in B-type affected A-type axon guidance. Overall, single and multiple mutants of CAM genes had limited effects on ray neuron trajectories and accumulation of synaptic components.
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spelling pubmed-99975512023-03-10 Function of cell adhesion molecules in differentiation of ray sensory neurons in C. elegans Sakai, Naoko Sun, Peter Kim, Byunghyuk Emmons, Scott W G3 (Bethesda) Neurogenetics For proper functioning of the nervous system, it is crucial that neurons find their appropriate partners and build the correct neural connection patterns. Although cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) have been studied for many years as essential players in neural connections, we have yet to unravel the code by which CAMs encode synaptic specificity. We analyzed the effects of mutations in CAM genes on the morphology and synapses of a set of sensory neurons in the Caenorhabditis elegans male tail. B-type ray sensory neurons express 10 genes encoding CAMs. We examined the effect on axon trajectory and localization of pre-synaptic components in viable mutants of nine of these. We found axon trajectory defects in mutants of UNC-40/DCC, SAX-3/ROBO, and FMI-1/Flamingo/Celsr1. None of the mutations caused loss of pre-synaptic components in axons, and in several the level even appeared to increase, suggesting possible accumulation of pre-synapses. B-type sensory neurons fasciculate with a second type of ray sensory neuron, the A-type, in axon commissures. We found a CAM expressed in A-type functions additively with a CAM expressed in B-type in axon guidance, and lack of a CAM expressed in B-type affected A-type axon guidance. Overall, single and multiple mutants of CAM genes had limited effects on ray neuron trajectories and accumulation of synaptic components. Oxford University Press 2022-12-27 /pmc/articles/PMC9997551/ /pubmed/36573343 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/g3journal/jkac338 Text en © The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Genetics Society of America. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Neurogenetics
Sakai, Naoko
Sun, Peter
Kim, Byunghyuk
Emmons, Scott W
Function of cell adhesion molecules in differentiation of ray sensory neurons in C. elegans
title Function of cell adhesion molecules in differentiation of ray sensory neurons in C. elegans
title_full Function of cell adhesion molecules in differentiation of ray sensory neurons in C. elegans
title_fullStr Function of cell adhesion molecules in differentiation of ray sensory neurons in C. elegans
title_full_unstemmed Function of cell adhesion molecules in differentiation of ray sensory neurons in C. elegans
title_short Function of cell adhesion molecules in differentiation of ray sensory neurons in C. elegans
title_sort function of cell adhesion molecules in differentiation of ray sensory neurons in c. elegans
topic Neurogenetics
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9997551/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36573343
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/g3journal/jkac338
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