A Case Report of Iliopsoas Abscess Secondary to Small Bowel Fistula

Iliopsoas abscesses (IPAs) are rare infections in the musculature that can be difficult to diagnose due to nonspecific presentations. These abscesses are most commonly caused by either the hematogenous spread of a separate infectious source in the body or secondary to Crohn’s disease and are typically treated with antibiotic therapy and percutaneous drainage. For cases complicated by bowel disease, multiloculated psoas abscess, or gas-forming organisms, surgical drainage may be indicated. We present the case of an 81-year-old female with a history of colon cancer status post-cecum resection who presented with back pain, thigh pain, and constipation. Computerized tomography imaging showed concurrent small bowel obstruction and a right IPA extending down to the right thigh. Laparoscopic exploration revealed a small bowel fistulization to the right iliopsoas as the source of infection. Resection of the small bowel and surgical incision and drainage of the abscess were necessary for her treatment. The patient was discharged with vacuum-assisted closure of her wound after a hospital course complicated with chronic diarrhea. Bowel fistulization should be considered a potential cause of IPAs in patients with a complicated gastrointestinal history.