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  1. 1
    “…CONCLUSIONS: In this setting, antenatal ZDVm exposure did not adversely impact on outcomes once ART was initiated for the woman’s health.…”
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    Response to antiretroviral therapy (ART): comparing women with previous use of zidovudine monotherapy (ZDVm) in pregnancy with ART naïve women
  2. 2
    “…INTRODUCTION: High rates of hepatotoxicity have been observed among HIV-positive pregnant women using antiretroviral therapy (ART). However, the extent to which pregnancy affects the risk of ART-induced hepatotoxicity is unclear since studies in this area have generated conflicting results. …”
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    Does pregnancy increase the risk of ART-induced hepatotoxicity among HIV-positive women?
  3. 3
    “…We modeled change in BMI and BP longitudinally in HIV(-) individuals (n = 315), seroconverters (n = 32), HIV(+) patients not on ART (HIV(+)ART(−); n = 52), HIV(+) patients on ART for 0–<2 years as of 2010 (HIV(+)ART(0–<2 yrs); n = 18), patients on ART for 2–5 years (HIV(+)ART(2–5yrs); n = 44), and a subgroup with unknown HIV status (n = 44). …”
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    The Effect of HIV and the Modifying Effect of Anti-Retroviral Therapy (ART) on Body Mass Index (BMI) and Blood Pressure Levels in Rural South Africa
  4. 4
    “…We aimed to test the effect of community-based ART delivery on viral suppression among people living with HIV not on ART. …”
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    Community-based antiretroviral therapy versus standard clinic-based services for HIV in South Africa and Uganda (DO ART): a randomised trial
  5. 5
    “…Background: Lack of viral load monitoring of ART is known to be associated with slower switch from a failing regimen and thereby higher prevalence of MDR HIV-1. …”
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    Rapid accumulation of HIV-1 thymidine analogue mutations and phenotypic impact following prolonged viral failure on zidovudine-based first-line ART in sub-Saharan Africa
  6. 6
    “…Patients initiated first-line ART at a median (interquartile range; IQR) age of 37 (32–42) and with a median CD4 cell count of 86 (32–140). …”
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    The virological durability of first-line ART among HIV-positive adult patients in resource limited settings without virological monitoring: a retrospective analysis of DART trial data
  7. 7
    “…METHODS: Within the treatment-as-prevention study in South Africa, we selected participants with available next-generation sequencing (NGS) data for the HIV-1 pol gene at trial entry; they were either ART initiators (n = 1193) or already established on ART (n = 94). …”
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    Predicted antiviral activity of tenofovir versus abacavir in combination with a cytosine analogue and the integrase inhibitor dolutegravir in HIV-1-infected South African patients initiating or failing first-line ART
  8. 8
    “…We investigated whether initiating ART at higher CD4 counts was associated with sub‐optimal adherence (<95%) during the first 12 months of ART. …”
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    Universal test and treat is not associated with sub‐optimal antiretroviral therapy adherence in rural South Africa: the ANRS 12249 TasP trial
  9. 9
    “…HCPs also foresaw logistical challenges of universal ART, and were especially concerned about increasing workload and ART shortage. …”
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    Implementing universal HIV treatment in a high HIV prevalence and rural South African setting – Field experiences and recommendations of health care providers
  10. 10
    “…BACKGROUND: Loss to follow-up is high among HIV patients not yet receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART). Clinical trials have demonstrated the clinical efficacy of early ART; however, these trials may miss an important real-world consequence of providing ART at diagnosis: its impact on retention in care. …”
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    Treatment eligibility and retention in clinical HIV care: A regression discontinuity study in South Africa
  11. 11
    “…Prompt uptake of antiretroviral treatment (ART) is essential to ensure the success of universal test and treat (UTT) strategies to prevent HIV transmission in high-prevalence settings. …”
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    Factors associated with antiretroviral treatment initiation amongst HIV-positive individuals linked to care within a universal test and treat programme: early findings of the ANRS 12249 TasP trial in rural South Africa
  12. 12
    “…BACKGROUND: The World Health Organization recommends initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART) regardless of CD4 count. We assessed the effect of ART eligibility on treatment uptake and simulated the impact of WHO’s recommendations in South Africa. …”
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    Effect of eliminating CD4-count thresholds on HIV treatment initiation in South Africa: An empirical modeling study
  13. 13
    “…METHODS: We developed an algorithm to impute ART start dates based on the date of a patient’s “ART workup”, i.e. the laboratory tests used to determine treatment readiness in national guidelines, and the time from ART workup to initiation based on clinical protocols (21 days). …”
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    Imputing HIV treatment start dates from routine laboratory data in South Africa: a validation study
  14. 14
    “…BACKGROUND: The effect of the rapid scale-up of vertical antiretroviral treatment (ART) programs for HIV in sub-Saharan Africa on the overall health system is under intense debate. …”
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    The Effect of Antiretroviral Treatment on Health Care Utilization in Rural South Africa: A Population-Based Cohort Study
  15. 15
    “…BACKGROUND: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) reduces transmission of HIV-1. However, genital HIV-1 can be detected in patients on ART. …”
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    Cervicovaginal HIV-1 Shedding in Women Taking Antiretroviral Therapy in Burkina Faso: A Longitudinal Study
  16. 16
    “…OBJECTIVE: The 2015 WHO recommendation to initiate all HIV patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART) at diagnosis could potentially overextend health systems and crowd out sicker patients, mitigating the policy's impact. …”
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    Do HIV treatment eligibility expansions crowd out the sickest? Evidence from rural South Africa
  17. 17
    “…METHODS: A household survey was conducted in rural KwaZulu-Natal before ART scale-up (in 2004) and when ART coverage had reached 25% (in 2010). …”
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    Population-Level Decline in BMI and Systolic Blood Pressure Following Mass HIV Treatment: Evidence from Rural KwaZulu-Natal
  18. 18
    “…Antiretroviral therapy (ART) was highly efficacious in preventing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission in stable serodiscordant couples in the HPTN-052 study, a resource-intensive randomized controlled trial with near-perfect ART adherence and mutual HIV status disclosure among all participating couples. …”
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    Antiretroviral Therapy to Prevent HIV Acquisition in Serodiscordant Couples in a Hyperendemic Community in Rural South Africa
  19. 19
    “…Rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) are the mainstay of HIV diagnosis in the developing world but might have poor sensitivity among individuals taking antiretroviral therapy (ART). We leveraged a home-based HIV testing program linked to clinical data to compare the sensitivity of RDTs between individuals using versus not using ART. …”
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    Does antiretroviral therapy use affect the accuracy of HIV rapid diagnostic assays? Experience from a demographic health and surveillance site in rural South Africa()()
  20. 20
    “…BACKGROUND: There is concern over increasing prevalence of non-nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) resistance in people initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART) in low-income and middle-income countries. …”
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    Cost-effectiveness of public-health policy options in the presence of pretreatment NNRTI drug resistance in sub-Saharan Africa: a modelling study
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