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  1. 1721
    “…Features not previously associated with Copa syndrome included neuromyelitis optica, pulmonary carcinoid tumour, clear cell renal carcinoma, renal cysts, hepatic cysts, nephrolithiasis, pyelonephritis and meningitis. …”
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    Expanding the phenotype of COPA syndrome: a kindred with typical and atypical features
  2. 1722
    “…Methods: Thirty-nine patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis were examined for serum systemic autoantibodies (antinuclear antibodies, extractable nuclear antigen autoantibodies, rheumatoid factors, and anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies), in comparison with 39 neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and 78 healthy controls. …”
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    Serum Systemic Autoantibodies in Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis
  3. 1723
    “…ADEM forms one of several categories of primary inflammatory demyelinating disorders of the central nervous system including multiple sclerosis, optic neuropathy, acute transverse myelitis, and neuromyelitis optica (Devic’s disease). Post-infectious and post-immunisation encephalomyelitis make up about three-quarters of cases, where the timing of a febrile event is associated with the onset of neurological disease. …”
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    Post-vaccination encephalomyelitis: Literature review and illustrative case
  4. 1724
    “…METHODS: Sixty-two patients were recruited into this cross-sectional study, 23 of whom had neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) with ON, 18 with clinically isolated syndrome (CIS)-ON, and 21 with other CIS episodes. …”
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    Cortical topological network changes following optic neuritis
  5. 1725
    por Höftberger, Romana, Lassmann, Hans
    Publicado 2018
    “…In contrast, neuromyelitis optica (NMO) and spectrum disorders (NMOSD) are inflammatory diseases with primary injury of astrocytes, mediated by aquaporin-4 antibodies. …”
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    Inflammatory demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system
  6. 1726
    por Tenembaum, Silvia N.
    Publicado 2013
    “…The occurrence of relapses in children with ADEM poses diagnostic difficulties in its differentiation from multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica (NMO). With the widespread use of high-dose steroids, the long-term prognosis of ADEM with regard to functional and cognitive recovery is favorable. …”
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    Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis
  7. 1727
    “…We aimed to investigate neuronal and astroglial markers in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and aquaporin‐4 antibody‐seropositive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) to compare the clinical implications of these markers according to age. …”
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    Clinical implication of serum biomarkers and patient age in inflammatory demyelinating diseases
  8. 1728
    “…OCT is also a useful tool in terms of providing a differential diagnosis of MS toward, for example, neuromyelitis optica, a disease that usually shows stronger retinal thinning, or Susac syndrome, which is characterized by distinct patchy thinning of the inner retinal layers. …”
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    Optical coherence tomography for retinal imaging in multiple sclerosis
  9. 1729
    “…Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is a severe neurological demyelinating autoimmune disease that affects the optic nerves and spinal cord. …”
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    Identification of geraldol as an inhibitor of aquaporin-4 binding by NMO-IgG
  10. 1730
    “…BCR data of healthy persons, and of patients with anti-leucine-rich glioma inactivated 1 (anti-LGI1) encephalitis, multiple sclerosis (MS), and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) from the public databases were used as control. …”
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    Study of B Cell Repertoire in Patients With Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis
  11. 1731
    “…RESULTS: 187 patients were included with the following diagnoses: myasthenia gravis (MG), n = 70 (37%); Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS), n = 53 (28.3%), neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD), n = 35 (18.7%); chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP), n = 23 (12.2%); and autoimmune encephalitis (AE), n = 6 (3.2%). …”
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    Therapeutic Plasma Exchange as a Treatment for Autoimmune Neurological Disease
  12. 1732
    “…In transplant patients (renal, cardiac and hepatic), with neurological pathologies (multiple sclerosis [MS], neuromyelitis optica [NMODS], myasthenia gravis [MG]), primary immunodeficiencies and infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in association with immunosuppressants, studies have shown no tendency for worse outcomes. …”
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    SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) en pacientes con algún grado de inmunosupresión
  13. 1733
    “…However, the safety and feasibility of long-term combined intravenous (IV) and intrathecal (IT) administration of hUC-MSCs in relapse remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) and neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is largely unknown. Objectives: In this study, we followed up the long-term safety and feasibility of combined IV and IT human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) transplantation in patients with RRMS and NMO. …”
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    IV/IT hUC-MSCs Infusion in RRMS and NMO: A 10-Year Follow-Up Study
  14. 1734
    “…METHODS: We performed isoelectric focusing followed by immunoblotting in CSF of 10 NB patients and 11 controls (7 patients with multiple sclerosis, 2 patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disease, 1 patient with dementia and 1 patient with monoclonal gammopathy). …”
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    Cerebrospinal fluid oligoclonal bands in Neuroborreliosis are specific for Borrelia burgdorferi
  15. 1735
    “…OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that the intrathecal synthesis of free light chain kappa (FLC-k) can be used as a CSF biomarker to differentiate patients with myelitis due to multiple sclerosis (MS), myelitis due to neuromyelitis optica spectrum disease (NMOSD), and noninflammatory myelopathy, we analyzed FLC-k in 26 patients with MS myelitis, 9 patients with NMOSD myelitis, and 14 patients with myelopathy. …”
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    Free light chains kappa can differentiate between myelitis and noninflammatory myelopathy
  16. 1736
    “…In transplant patients (renal, cardiac and hepatic), with neurological pathologies (multiple sclerosis (MS), neuromyelitis optica (NMODS), myasthenia gravis (MG)), primary immunodeficiencies and infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in association with immunosuppressants, studies have shown no tendency for worse outcomes. …”
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    SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) in patients with some degree of immunosuppression()
  17. 1737
    “…Triggers for neuroinflammation not only include pathogens, trauma and toxic metabolites, but also autoimmune diseases such as neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders and multiple sclerosis (MS) where the inflammatory response is recognized as a disease-escalating factor. …”
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    B Cells in Multiple Sclerosis and Virus-Induced Neuroinflammation
  18. 1738
    “…In our cohort, inflammation [neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD), multiple sclerosis (MS), and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM)] and toxicants [toxic encephalopathy caused by phenytoin sodium (TEPS)] were some of the underlying etiologies. …”
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    Various Diseases and Clinical Heterogeneity Are Associated With “Hot Cross Bun”
  19. 1739
    “…We concluded that AQP4-IgG-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) was concurrent with VZV myelitis. …”
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    Herpes Zoster Radiculomyelitis With Aquaporin-4 Antibodies: A Case Report and Literature Review
  20. 1740
    “…We studied 120 patients (n = 30 in each group), including patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), anti-NMDAR and anti-LGI1 encephalitis. …”
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    Transdiagnostic hippocampal damage patterns in neuroimmunological disorders
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