“…These approaches and a kinetic approach using CSV-CLE give similar information on the amount of excess ligand to metal in a sample and the conditional metal ligand stability constant for the excess ligand bound to the metal. …”
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“…Metal ions form complexes with naturally occurring complexing agents or ligands released from industrial activity. …”
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“…The aim of this Conference on the Fate, Transport, and Interactions of Metals, A Joint United States-Mexico Conference, co-sponsored by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Superfund Basic Research Program, the National University of Mexico, Program for the Environment and the Pan American Health Organization, and hosted by the University of Arizona Center for Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, is to begin a joint effort by the United States and Mexico to better understand the complex problems related to heavy metals as hazardous wastes.…”
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“…Several metal or metalloid ions exist in multiple oxidation states and can undergo electron transfer reactions that are important in biological and environmental systems. …”
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“…Bryophytes, including the mosses, liverworts, and hornworts, occur in a variety of habitats with high concentrations of metals and have other characteristics that are advantageous for studies of metal tolerance. …”
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“…To assess the contribution of reactive oxygen species (ROS) to metal-induced mutagenesis, we have determined the spectrum of mutations in the lacZ alpha gene after exposure of M13mp2 DNA to Fe2+, Cu2+, and Ni2+. …”
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“…Unlike the situation with organic compounds, metals do not show a high correlation between carcinogenicity and mutagenicity. …”
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“…In this paper, we consider the effects of metal ions on the accuracy of catalysis by DNA polymerases. …”
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“…Cytogenetic tests in vivo and in vitro have shown the clastogenic potential of a number of metals and metal compounds. The difficulties in in vivo studies lie in identifying a specific clastogen in an occupational setting, where simultaneous exposure to a number of organic and inorganic chemicals is a common phenomenon. …”
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“…Free radicals may be produced in the presence of these metal ions which damage critical cellular molecules.…”
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“…Metals constitute a fundamentally important part of the total human environment. …”
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“…Metals have been evaluated as potential carcinogens by administering pure elements or compounds by a large variety of routes. …”
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“…An idealized theoretical model which indicates the possible influence of multiple nutritional deficiencies on the toxicity of a heavy metal is presented. It is suggested that multiple marginal nutritional deficiencies may be of importance in determining the response of humans to the toxic effects of various heavy metal pollutants.…”
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“…These results indicate age specific differences in the pharmacokinetics of metals in sucklings. It seems reasonable to consider the early neonatal age as a critical period for metal accumulation and therefore for metal toxicity. …”
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