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“…Major advantages of the use of aquatic animals, such as trout, English sole, or sea urchins, for studying the mechanisms of reproductive toxicology are discussed. …”
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“…These important cooperative and competitive features of interlayer molecular behavior were uniquely revealed by animation of an otherwise highly complex simulation output.…”
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“…BACKGROUND: Multiple A- and B-type cyclins have been identified in animals, but their study is complicated by varying degrees of functional redundancy. …”
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“…METHODS: To investigate this aspect of hyperhomocysteinemia, we supplemented developing chicks (n = 8) with 0.6% dl-homocysteine (hCySH) for the first 8 weeks of life in comparison to controls (n = 10), and studied biochemical, biomechanical and morphologic effects of this nutritional intervention. RESULTS: hCySH-fed animals grew faster and had longer tibiae at the end of the study. …”
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“…The main goal of this study was to demonstrate the feasibility of conducting animal exposures using the newly developed ambient fine particle concentrator.…”
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“…A deuterated probe drug, such as d6-aminopyrine, can be used to measure endogenous nitrosation levels in experimental animals. In contrast, for higher alkyl homologues of alkylpurines, natural backgrounds are low or nonexistent and can be directly measured by GC-MS using stable isotope labeled internal standards. …”
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“…These findings highlight an important difference between how yeast and animal cells proliferate in response to extracellular cues.…”
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“…Blood lead levels at the time of testing were 9.3, 40.3, and 55.7 micrograms/dL in controls, and animals exposed to 350 ppm or 600 ppm lead acetate, respectively. …”
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“…They are as follows: The degree of halogenation and position of the halogen atoms determine the potency of PCB, PBB, CDD, CDF and CN; in a given species of animals, the clinicopathologic syndrome induced by PCB is comparable to that induced by polybrominated biphenyls (PBB), chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (CDD), chlorinated dibenzofurans (CDF), and chlorinated naphthalenes (CN) when an equitoxic dose is achieved; The clinicopathologic syndrome is different in each species of animals; Different species of animals vary in their susceptibility to intoxication; intoxication is more readily effected in young animals that in adults; at lethal doses the time between exposure and death is prolonged (greater than 2 weeks).…”
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“…An animal bioassay has been used to evaluate a series of airborne chemicals for their sensory irritating properties to the upper respiratory tract. …”
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“…Attention has been focussed, both in man and experimental animals, on the effects of inhalation of the gas monomer, vinyl chloride. …”
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“…In the rat urinary bladder, neoplastic change can be initiated by a few weeks treatment with low doses of N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)nitrosamine (BBN) or N-[4-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-2-thiazolyl]formamide (FANFT) or by a single, low dose, intravesicular instillation of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU). Very few animals treated thus will develop bladder cancer unless exposed subsequently to some further regime which will promote tumor growth from the initiated cells. …”
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“…Statistical issues in the design, analysis and interpretation of animal carcinogenicity studies are discussed. In the area of experimental design, issues that must be considered include randomization of animals, sample size considerations, dose selection and allocation of animals to experimental groups, and control of potentially confounding factors. …”
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