“…These results suggest that the function of HTT in axonal transport is conserved between flies and mammals. …”
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“…Labeled axons terminated contralaterally within sVi and caudalis. …”
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“…Elevated tau phosphorylation decreased its microtubule binding and bundling, and increased the number of motile tau particles, without affecting axonal transport kinetics. In contrast, reducing tau phosphorylation enhanced the amount of tau bound to microtubules and inhibited axonal transport of tau. …”
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“…Here, we present in vitro and in vivo evidences that the cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB(2)R) is expressed along the retino-thalamic pathway and exerts a modulatory action on axon guidance. These effects are specific to CB(2)R since no changes were observed in mice where the gene coding for this receptor was altered (cnr2 (−/−)). …”
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“…The peripheral axons of vertebrate tactile somatosensory neurons travel long distances from ganglia just outside the central nervous system to the skin. …”
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“…Additionally, large-scale genomic studies implicate numerous gene candidates known or suspected to mediate neuritic outgrowth and axonal guidance in fetal and perinatal life. Neuropathological observations in postmortem ASD brain samples further support this model and include subtle disturbances of cortical lamination and subcortical axonal morphology. …”
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“…Renshaw cells are widely distributed in all segments of the spinal cord, but detailed morphological studies of these cells and their axonal branching patterns have only been made for lumbosacral segments. …”
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“…In vertebrate nervous systems myelination of neuronal axons has evolved to increase conduction velocity of electrical impulses with minimal space and energy requirements. …”
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“…We show that inab is necessary for proper axon morphology of a specific motoneuron subtype.…”
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“…Although a range of cell types are affected in GAN, neurons display the most severe pathology, with neuronal intermediate filament accumulation and aggregation; this in turn causes axonal swellings or “giant axons.” A mechanistic understanding of GAN IF pathology has eluded researchers for many years. …”
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“…In vivo nerve repair requires not only the ability to regenerate damaged axons, but most importantly, the ability to guide developing or regenerating axons along paths that will result in functional connections. …”
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“…The axon initial segment (AIS) is responsible for both the modulation of action potentials and the maintenance of neuronal polarity. …”
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“…Small axons far outnumber larger fibers in the corticospinal tract, but the function of these small axons remains poorly understood. …”
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“…Axon growth is a central event in the development and post-injury plasticity of the nervous system. …”
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“…Local protein synthesis has been demonstrated in the peripheral processes of sensory primary afferents and is thought to contribute to the maintenance of the neuron, to neuronal plasticity following injury and also to regeneration of the axon after damage to the nerve. The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), a master regulator of protein synthesis, integrates a variety of cues that regulate cellular homeostasis and is thought to play a key role in coordinating the neuronal response to environmental challenges. …”
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“…In this study, we investigated the role of mitochondrial dynamics in capsaicin-induced axonal degeneration. In capsaicin-treated rodent sensory axons, axonal swellings, decreased mitochondrial stationary site length and reduced mitochondrial transport preceded axonal degeneration. …”
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