“…Under high environmental fluctuation, core and satellite microeukaryotic compositions in bottom waters were significantly correlated with the multi‐nutrient cycling index. …”
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“…One unanswered fundamental question is whether the perovskite films are grown from top (air side) to bottom (substrate side) or from bottom to top despite 10 years of development. …”
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“…Abyssal channels are the key points controlling bottom circulation of the World Ocean. They provide meridional transport of the coldest Antarctic Bottom Water between deep-water basins influencing the meridional overturning circulation and the climate on a global scale. …”
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“…The purpose of the present experiment is to further understand the effect of levels of processing (top-down vs. bottom-up) on the perception of movement kinematics and primitives for grasping actions in order to gain insight into possible primitives used by the mirror system. …”
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“…The DEP chip consists of an ITO top electrode, flow chamber, middle electrode on an SU-8 surface, micro-cavity arrays of SU-8 and distributed electrodes at the bottom of the micro-cavity. Impedance sensing of single cells could be performed as follows: firstly, cells were trapped in a micro-cavity array by negative DEP force provided by top and middle electrodes; then, the impedance measurement for discrimination of different stage of bladder cancer cells was accomplished by the middle and bottom electrodes. …”
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“…These three brain regions are functionally connected through the hippocampal-VTA loop that includes two main neural pathways: the bottom-up pathway and the top-down pathway. In this paper, we take the view that addiction is a learning process. …”
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“…Prestin-driven contractions of the OHCs cause the top and bottom surfaces of the OC to move in opposite directions. …”
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“…Knoop microhardness was then measured on the top and bottom surfaces of each sample. The top surfaces, with some exceptions, were almost similar; however, in relation to the bottom surfaces, statistical differences were found between curing units and thicknesses. …”
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“…To address this issue, we examined the influence of object-specific advantage on two types of visual search: parallel search, invoked when a bottom-up signal is fully available at a target location, and serial search, invoked when a bottom-up signal is not enough to guide target selection and a top-down control for shifting of focused attention is required. …”
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“…To collect analytes from microneedle patches, the patches were mounted within the cap of microcentrifuge tubes or formed the top of V-bottom multiwell microplates, and fluid was collected in the bottom of the tubes under gentle centrifugation. …”
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“…However, the underlying mechanism is still unclear. Can purely bottom-up cross-modal integration break through the threshold of awareness? …”
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“…Spatial distribution of shell disease prevalence was found to be strongly influenced by the interactive effects of latitude and longitude, possibly indicative of a geographic origin of shell disease. Bottom temperature, bottom salinity, and depth were also important factors affecting the spatial variability in shell disease prevalence. …”
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“…Results showed that sea bottom temperature (SBT), sea bottom salinity (SBS), and sediment type were the most important factors affecting crab distributions. …”
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“…Further, the experimental results based on the structure of S-I-M are compared with the traditional electrode structure of M-I-M (Metal upper electrode- Insulation material- Metal bottom electrode) and the simplified cable electrode structure of MS-I-M (Metal upper electrode-Semi-conductive electrode- Insulation material- Metal bottom electrode), respectively. …”
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“…The mutual adaptation between top-down and bottom-up influences was a key element of the intervention. …”
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“…Geometrical features of the kerf; top and bottom kerf; taper; ratio of top to the bottom kerf are considered as output responses. …”
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“…Hence, intervention programs are necessary to escalate the income levels of rural communities, especially the bottom 40%, to uplift perceived QOL among rural residents.…”
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“…The variation in transit of heat at the bottom wall is similar but the maximum value of heat transfer at the bottom wall shows a variation from 3.8 to 20 when [Formula: see text] and from 3 to 18 when [Formula: see text]. …”
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“…According to the energy entropy, the geometric distortions are divided into two visual attention layers, namely, bottom-up layer and top-down layer. The feature of salient distortion is measured by regional proportion plus transition threshold on a bottom-up layer. …”
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“…As confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis that this chiral framework is featured by a unique C(2)-symmetry in which a nearly parallel fashion consisting of three layers: top, middle and bottom aromatic rings. Unlike the documented planar or axial chirality, the present chirality shows its top and bottom layers restrict each other from free rotation, i.e., this multi-layer 3D chirality would not exist if either top or bottom layer is removed. …”
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