“…Three-dimensional-architected hydrogels are infused with metal precursors, then calcined and reduced to convert the hydrogel scaffolds into miniaturized metal replicas. …”
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“…Thus, removing carbon deposition through calcining and increasing the content of Cu(+) was an effective way of regenerating the catalyst. …”
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“…However, the sintering of pores and a reduction in the CO(2) diffusion rates as the carbonization/calcination cyclic reaction progresses have posed challenges to the practical application of CaO-based absorbents. …”
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“…The evolution of the textural characteristics of the support (C12A7) depending on the calcination temperature was investigated. Pd-containing samples were explored using transmission electron microscopy and spin probe EPR spectroscopy. …”
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“…Yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) nanospheres were synthesized by calcination at 900 °C after the adsorption of Y(3+) ions into the pores of a zirconium-based metal–organic framework (MOF). …”
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“…The objective of this article is to prepare Ag(2)S-modified C(3)N(4) three-dimensional network photocatalyst by calcination method to use photocatalysis as an efficient, safe, and environmentally friendly method to degrade chlorophenols. …”
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“…The resulting materials were calcined at 500 °C using nitrogen and air, and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-Transform infrared absorption spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetry (TG), surface area by the BET method and acidity measurements by n-butylamine adsorption. …”
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“…Under batch conditions, the catalyst obtained by calcination of chitin exhibited excellent performance in the conversion of epichlorohydrin (selected as a model epoxide), resulting in the corresponding cyclic carbonate with 96% selectivity at complete conversion, at 150 °C and 30 bar CO(2), for 4 h. …”
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“…The introduction of melamine and eugenol to the monomer produced structurally bonded nitrogen and oxygen in porous carbons. Changing the calcination temperature can alter the doping level of heteroatoms and the particle size. …”
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“…The nanocomposites were synthesized via sol–gel reactions using mixtures of precursors at various ratios (5%, 8%, and 10 wt% WO(3) in the nanocomposites) and via core–shell approaches (TiO(2)@WO(3) and WO(3)@TiO(2) in a 9 : 1 ratio of TiO(2) : WO(3)). After calcination at 450 °C, the nanocomposites were characterized and used as photocatalysts. …”
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“…A mullite-supported amorphous manganese oxide (MSAMO) catalyst was prepared by impregnation and calcination at low temperatures, in which amorphous MnO(x) is evenly dispersed on the surface and inside of aggregated microsphere support. …”
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“…Additionally, the eggshell-derived CaFe(2)O(4) photocatalyst can be effectively reused, giving a high removal efficiency of 70.5% after the third cycle, without the requirement of regeneration processes (washing or re-calcination). Although radical trapping experiments confirmed that hydroxyl radicals were generated in the photocatalytic reactions, photogenerated holes play a significant role in the high 2-CP degradation efficiencies. …”
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“…In this study, four metal ions Mg(2+), Al(3+), Fe(3+), and Zn(2+) were loaded on the surface of activated carbon by an impregnation method coupled with high-temperature calcination to prepare modified activated carbon. Scanning electron microscopy, specific surface area and pore size analysis, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier infrared spectroscopy were used to evaluate the structure and morphology of the modified activated carbon. …”
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“…The mechanism of formation of pure phase BiFeO [Formula: see text] hollow spheres is investigated systematically by variation of synthetic parameters such as temperature and time, ratio and amount of precursors, pressure, and calcination procedures. The samples were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. …”
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“…The GBA was thermally processed via calcination at 300 °C and 900 °C. The differences in physicochemical properties between studied GBA (SGBA) and commercial GBA (CGBA) were elucidated via Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and electron diffraction X-Ray (EDX). …”
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“…In response to this, we proposed a new strategy to fabricate a carbon-in-silicate nanohybrid composite by recycling dye-loaded layered clay adsorbent and converting them to new heterogeneous carbon-in-silicate nanocomposite through an associated calcination-hydrothermal activation process. It has been confirmed that most of the dye molecules were present in waste rectorite adsorbent using an intercalation mode, which can be in situ converted to carbon in the confined interlayer spacing of rectorite. …”
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“…Alum sludge cake was thermally calcined at 400 °C and named thermally treated alum sludge cake (TAS-cake). …”
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“…The results indicate the positive response of preparing sugar cane ashes under controlled conditions (mainly for straw calcined within the 600–700 °C range) for their use as pozzolanic addition by partially replacing inorganic binders.…”
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“…Wet impregnation, drying, and calcination steps led to iron inclusion within the mesopores. …”
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“…With heating, the organosilane template was removed by calcination to generate a surface array of erbium-doped yttria nanoparticles. …”
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