“…Repeated impregnations of pretreated wood chips in a Ti precursor were conducted, followed by calcination at 400–600 °C for 4 hours under a nitrogen atmosphere. …”
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“…The nanofibers calcined at 750 °C have a multi-particle nanochain structure. …”
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“…Thin film nanocomposite (TFN) reverse osmosis (RO) membranes were prepared by incorporating hydrotalcite (HT) in polyamide layer during interfacial polymerization process using two methods: (1) dispersing HT in aqueous solution directly; (2) preparing layered double oxide (LDO) via calcination of HT and then dispersing the obtained LDO in aqueous solution to reconstruct HT. …”
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“…The monodisperse SiO(2) core was obtained by the classical Stöber method and then coated with a thin layer of TiO(2), followed by calcination or hydrothermal treatments. The properties of SiO(2)@TiO(2) core-shell NPs resulted from the synergy between the photocatalytic properties of TiO(2) and the adsorptive properties of SiO(2). …”
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“…ZnO nps were synthesized directly by calcining zinc acetate at 450, 500, and 550 °C for 2 h. …”
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“…Afterward, the dense and porous ceramics were obtained by sintering the pressed powder calcined at temperatures of 900 and 1000 °C for 4 h. …”
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“…Moreover, this work presents a comprehensive study on the influence of calcination in air, H(2), and Ar, and we found that the catalyst of Au(pre)/Ti(3)Al(x)C(2)T(y)-Air600 obtained by calcination in air at 600 °C performed the best, owing to the synergistic effect between tiny surface TiO(2) species and Au NPs. …”
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“…FTIR and XRD analysis confirmed the formation of brushite nanoparticles in the as-synthesized products, while calcium pyrophosphate was produced after calcination. These results indicate that the reverse microemulsion technique using surfactin is a green process suitable for the synthesis of nanoparticles.…”
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“…We demonstrate a facile, two-step coating/calcination approach to grow a uniform MnO nanoparticle@mesoporous carbon (MnO@C) composite on conducting substrates, by direct coating of the Mn-oleate precursor solution without any conducting/binding reagents, and subsequent thermal calcination. …”
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“…The ZnO-PVP nanofibers could be subsequently converted into ZnO nanofibers of a pure wurtzite phase via calcination in air at 500°C for 2 h.…”
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“…In this work, a mixing-calcination method was developed to facilely construct MXene/CuO nanocomposite. …”
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“…La(0.7)Ce(0.3)NiO(3) mixed oxides were synthesized using different solution concentrations and calcination temperatures by a co-precipitation method. …”
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“…The precursor compositions and calcination temperatures exert great impact on the structure and morphology of the derivatives, as well as the electrocatalytic performances for OER. …”
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“…However, it is shown that this abnormal grain growth originates from the calcined powder and not from sintering and that all subsequent steps mirror the initial powder morphology. …”
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“…Moreover lower kaolin calcination temperatures and lower synthesis temperatures are tested and verified in this work. …”
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“…The detail variation of LDHs during calcination has been observed via in situ transmission electron microscope (TEM). …”
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“…We present here important new findings on the direct synthesis of bimetal Cu-Mn containing porous silica catalyst and the effects of structure-directing agent removal from the prepared nanomaterial on the evolution of surface catalytic sites. The extraction-calcination procedure of the structure-directing agent removal led to the formation of Cu and Mn oxo-clusters and Cu and Mn oxide nanoparticles smaller than 5 nm, while the solely calcination procedure led to the mentioned species and in addition to the appearance of CuO nanoparticles 20 nm in size. …”
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“…This study indicates that short-range ordering, corresponding to sub-2nm crystal size for our samples, drives the activity independently of the initial oxidation state and composition of the calcined iridium oxides.…”
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“…In this study, high iron type gangue is used as a main raw material. It is calcined at 675 °C for 1 h and 3% CaF(2) is added to the calcined powder and reacted with 20% hydrochloric acid at 93 °C for 4 h. …”
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“…This process, however, involves a calcination procedure at high temperatures that yields powder-form photocatalysts that require post-recovery treatment before recycling. …”
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