“…The catalyst was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), temperature-programmed reduction (TPR), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Calcined olivine increased glycerol conversion at 600 °C from 43% (without catalyst) to 96% with the formation of liquid-phase products such as aldehydes and carboxylic acids. …”
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“…X-ray diffractometry analysis confirmed the crystalline structure of the synthesized cerium oxide nanoparticles calcined at 600 °C. Scanning electron microscopy, UV-Vis reflectance and Raman spectroscopy, XPS, and fluorescence studies were utilized to interpret the morphological and optical properties of these nanoparticles. …”
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“…The sources of the raw materials, the ratio of the alkaline solution, the sintering time, the calcining temperature, the mixing time, and the curing time may have significant impacts on the qualities. …”
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“…Flower-like cobalt–molybdenum mixed-oxide microspheres (CoMo-FMs) with hierarchical architecture were successfully synthesized via a hydrothermal process and subsequent calcination step. The characterization results show that CoMo-FMs were assembled from ultrathin mesoporous nanosheets with thicknesses of around 4.0 nm, providing the composite with a large pore volume and a massive surface area. …”
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“…Nickel oxide nanoparticles are embedded into the halloysite nanotubes (NiO@Halloysite) by hydrothermal and calcination treatment to improve the affinity of halloysite nanotubes to polysulfides. …”
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“…An interlayer nanocomposite (CC@rGO) consisting of a graphene heterojunction with CoO and Co(9)S(8) was prepared using a simple and low-cost hydrothermal calcination method, which was tested as a cathode sulfur carrier for lithium-sulfur batteries. …”
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“…Herein, we report the preparation of highly crystalline oxygen-doped carbon nitride nanotubes (O-CNNTs-x) using an ammonium fluoride-assisted hydrothermal/calcination strategy. The hollow structure, high crystallinity, and O incorporation endowed the O-CNNTs-x with photocatalytic activity by considerably improving optical absorption and modulating the charge carrier motion. …”
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“…In this study, gold nanoparticles were dispersed on Co(3)O(4) nanoplates, forming a specific Au–Co(3)O(4) interface. Upon calcination at 300 °C in air, aberration-corrected STEM images evidenced that the gold nanoclusters (NCs) on Co(3)O(4){111} were maintained at ca. 2.2 nm, which is similar to the size of the parent Au colloidal particles, demonstrating the stronger metal-support interaction (SMSI) on Co(3)O(4){111}. …”
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“…The as-prepared hybrid metallosilicate products were calcined at 500 °C to obtain amorphous and porous molybdenum silicate and aluminum-doped molybdenum silicate microspheres with highly dispersed molybdate species inserted into the silicate matrix. …”
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“…Of prime interest is that the excellent photocatalytic activity of the as-prepared Zn-Cr-LDH-POM nanohybrid for visible light-induced O(2) generation can be further enhanced by calcination at 200 °C, leading to the very high apparent quantum yield of ∼75.2% at 420 nm. …”
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“…In this study, sodium arsenate crystals (Na(3)AsO(4)12H(2)O) were mixed with cement production raw materials and calcined to produce cement clinker. Then, clinker was mixed water to prepare cement paste. …”
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“…The oxide was synthesized by a microwave-assisted colloidal method in presence of ethylenediamine after calcination at 600 °C. This CoSb(2)O(6) oxide crystallized in a tetragonal structure with cell parameters a = 4.6495 and c = 9.2763 Å, and space group P4(2)/mnm. …”
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“…Catalyst-active particles were obtained by calcination of LDHs at 800 °C for 5 h. Nitrogen and hexane were used as the carrier gas and carbon source respectively, for preparation of MWCNTs using CVD methods at 800 °C. …”
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“…Herein, hexagonal mesoporous silica (HMS) materials were synthesized by adopting dodecylamine as a structure directing agent, which was then employed as a host for supporting polyethylenimine (PEI) without further calcinations or extraction treatment. The physicochemical properties of the silica support and composites were characterized, and the moisture adsorption capacity of these composites was determined. …”
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“…In the present study, microgrooved silica nanotube membranes were fabricated in situ by microgrooving silica-coated collagen hybrid fibril hydrogels in a Teflon microfluidic chip followed by calcination for removal of collagen fibrils. Scanning electron microscopy images showed that the resulting silica nanotube membranes displayed a typical microgroove/ridge surface topography with ∼50 μm microgroove width and ∼120 μm ridge width. …”
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“…Nitrogen surface functionalization and removal of surface groups before impregnation and calcination, however, further increase the activity of the catalysts in the presence of promoters. …”
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“…The formation of the complexes between iron and urea during sol aging with the following reduction of Fe(3+) to Fe(2+) within calcination can be a reason not only for accumulation of iron onto the surface as shown by EDS but also for twice increase of divalent iron as registered by XPS. …”
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“…In this work, SiO(2)/ZnO composite hollow sub-micron fibers were fabricated by a facile single capillary electrospinning technique followed by calcination, using tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and ZnO nanoparticles as raw materials. …”
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“…In contrast, commercial silica substrate particles were found to suffer from organic residues which hinder shell formation, and require an additional calcination step to clean the surface prior to coating. …”
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“…The results showed that the particles obtained were composed of nHA, with different morphologies and aspect ratios (1.5 to 4) and degrees of crystallinity (40% to 70% following calcination) depending on the different process parameters of the synthesis method used, such as temperature, ripening time and pH. …”
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