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  1. 22021
    “…A 2 X 2 table was created for the determination of sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), positive and negative likelihood ratios (+LR/−LR), and diagnostic accuracy (effectiveness) of Kramer’s method. Cohen kappa (κ) was used to analyze the agreement between Kramer’s method and TSB. …”
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    Reliability of visual assessment of neonatal jaundice among neonates of black descent: a cross-sectional study from Tanzania
  2. 22022
    “…The LME model yielded a conditional R(2) of 84%, a marginal R(2) of 75%, and a Cohen’s f(2) of 0.68 in the design of random intercepts for individual heterogeneity. …”
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    Influencing factors of Barthel index scores among the community-dwelling elderly in Hong Kong: a random intercept model
  3. 22023
    “…At week 12, the difference in YGTSS-TTS score was not significant between deutetrabenazine and placebo (least squares mean difference, –0.7; 95% CI, –4.1 to 2.8; P = .69; Cohen d, –0.07). There were no nominally significant differences between groups for key secondary end points. …”
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    Safety and Efficacy of Flexible-Dose Deutetrabenazine in Children and Adolescents With Tourette Syndrome: A Randomized Clinical Trial
  4. 22024
    “…RESULTS: Administrative cases of depression showed high specificity (≥ 96%), low sensitivity (19–32%), and rather low agreement (Cohen’s kappa of 0.21–0.25) compared with the CIDI-SF. …”
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    Validation of case definitions of depression derived from administrative data against the CIDI-SF as reference standard: results from the PROspective Québec (PROQ) study
  5. 22025
    “…Concordance was evaluated using positive (PPA) and negative (NPA) percent agreement, and Cohen's kappa coefficient. The range between salivary and plasma EIAs for SARS-CoV-2-specific N was PPA: 54.4–92.1% and NPA: 69.2–91.7%, for RBD was PPA: 89.9–100% and NPA: 50.0–84.6%, and for S was PPA: 50.6–96.6% and NPA: 50.0–100%. …”
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    Comparative performance of multiplex salivary and commercially available serologic assays to detect SARS-CoV-2 IgG and neutralization titers
  6. 22026
    “…Metabolic rate (kcal/min) was different pre- to post-dive, increasing from 1.9 ± 0.2 kcal/min to 2.8 ± 0.2 kcal/min, p < 0.001, 95% CI [0.8, 1.3], Cohen’s d effect size 2.3. Post-dive substrate utilization was 57.5% carbohydrate, 0.40 ± 0.16 g/min, and 42.5% fat, 0.13 ± 0.04 g/min. …”
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    Thermoregulatory and Metabolic Demands of Naval Special Warfare Divers During a 6-h Cold-Water Training Dive
  7. 22027
    “…Serum creatinine and UO criteria had poor agreement on AKI diagnosis and staging (Cohen weighted κ, 0.36; 95% CI, 0.35-0.37; P < .001). …”
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    Association of Oliguria With Acute Kidney Injury Diagnosis, Severity Assessment, and Mortality Among Patients With Critical Illness
  8. 22028
    “…The primary outcome was not significant, pain scores were 0.3 units lower in active group (95% CI − 1.0, 0.3; p = 0.30) giving an effect size of 0.19 (Cohen’s D). Two non-device related serious adverse events were reported. (2) In the mechanistic study (n = 19) primary outcomes of mechanical pain sensitivity (p = 0.006) and dynamic mechanical allodynia (p = 0.043) significantly improved indicating reduced mechanical hyperalgesia. …”
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    Mechanistically informed non-invasive peripheral nerve stimulation for peripheral neuropathic pain: a randomised double-blind sham-controlled trial
  9. 22029
    “…There was 98.3% agreement on thyroid nodule presence between VSI teleultrasound and standard of care ultrasound (Cohen’s kappa 0.91, P < 0.0001). VSI measured the thyroid size, on average, within 5 mm compared to standard of care. …”
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    Testing telediagnostic thyroid ultrasound in Peru: a new horizon in expanding access to imaging in rural and underserved areas
  10. 22030
    “…Performance and interrater agreement (Cohen’s κ) of PC versus NC nasal swab samples for viruses combined showed sensitivity of 91.6% (95% confidence interval [CI], 85.47 to 95.73%) and κ of 0.84 (95% CI, 0.79 to 0.88), respectively; the respective values for bacteria combined were 91.4% (95% CI, 86.85 to 94.87%) and κ of 0.85 (95% CI, 0.80 to 0.89). …”
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    Prospective Study of the Performance of Parent-Collected Nasal and Saliva Swab Samples, Compared with Nurse-Collected Swab Samples, for the Molecular Detection of Respiratory Microorganisms
  11. 22031
    “…The agreement rate between the gold standard and IQ-BTP outcomes was 82%. Cohen's [Formula: see text] was 0.535. The IQ-BTP showed sensitivity and specificity of 69 and 86%, respectively. …”
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    The Italian Questionnaire for Cancer Breakthrough Pain Diagnosis, a Multicenter Validation Study
  12. 22032
    por Opel, Nils, Thalamuthu, Anbupalam, Milaneschi, Yuri, Grotegerd, Dominik, Flint, Claas, Leenings, Ramona, Goltermann, Janik, Richter, Maike, Hahn, Tim, Woditsch, Georg, Berger, Klaus, Hermesdorf, Marco, McIntosh, Andrew, Whalley, Heather C., Harris, Mathew A., MacMaster, Frank P., Walter, Henrik, Veer, Ilya M., Frodl, Thomas, Carballedo, Angela, Krug, Axel, Nenadic, Igor, Kircher, Tilo, Aleman, Andre, Groenewold, Nynke A., Stein, Dan J., Soares, Jair C., Zunta-Soares, Giovana B., Mwangi, Benson, Wu, Mon-Ju, Walter, Martin, Li, Meng, Harrison, Ben J., Davey, Christopher G., Cullen, Kathryn R., Klimes-Dougan, Bonnie, Mueller, Bryon A., Sämann, Philipp G., Penninx, Brenda, Nawijn, Laura, Veltman, Dick J., Aftanas, Lyubomir, Brak, Ivan V., Filimonova, Elena A., Osipov, Evgeniy A., Reneman, Liesbeth, Schrantee, Anouk, Grabe, Hans J., Van der Auwera, Sandra, Wittfeld, Katharina, Hosten, Norbert, Völzke, Henry, Sim, Kang, Gotlib, Ian H., Sacchet, Matthew D., Lagopoulos, Jim, Hatton, Sean N., Hickie, Ian, Pozzi, Elena, Thompson, Paul M., Jahanshad, Neda, Schmaal, Lianne, Baune, Bernhard T., Dannlowski, Udo
    Publicado 2020
    “…The most pronounced effects were found for associations between obesity and lower temporo-frontal cortical thickness (maximum Cohen´s d (left fusiform gyrus) = −0.33). The observed regional distribution and effect size of cortical thickness reductions in obesity revealed considerable similarities with corresponding patterns of lower cortical thickness in previously published studies of neuropsychiatric disorders. …”
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    Brain structural abnormalities in obesity: relation to age, genetic risk, and common psychiatric disorders: Evidence through univariate and multivariate mega-analysis including 6420 participants from the ENIGMA MDD working group
  13. 22033
    “…Results were compared using Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-rank tests and weighted Cohen’s kappa (κ). RESULTS: Fifty-six ce lesions were found in 43 patients. …”
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    Pre-contrast T1-weighted imaging of the spinal cord may be unnecessary in patients with multiple sclerosis
  14. 22034
    “…The consistency of LN staging on an hold-out test dataset between the model and radiologist was assessed using Cohen’s kappa coefficient. RESULTS: In the testing set used for model development, the Dice score, TPR, PPV, VS, HD, AVD and MHD values for the segmentation of suspicious LNs were 0.85, 0.82, 0.80, 0.86, 2.02 (mm), 2.01 (mm), and 1.54 (mm) respectively. …”
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    Development and validation of the 3D U-Net algorithm for segmentation of pelvic lymph nodes on diffusion-weighted images
  15. 22035
    “…When any cases with an indeterminate rating on chest X-ray or ultrasound were excluded (n=38), VSI lung ultrasound showed 92% agreement with chest X-ray (Cohen’s κ 0.83 (0.68 to 0.97, p<0.0001)). Among cases with CT (n=21), when any ultrasound with an indeterminate rating was excluded (n=3), there was 100% agreement with VSI. …”
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    Lung ultrasound volume sweep imaging for respiratory illness: a new horizon in expanding imaging access
  16. 22036
    “…Effect size measurements will be calculated and will be provided by Cohen’s d test. A significance level of 5% will be adopted. …”
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    Intravaginal electrical stimulation associated with pelvic floor muscle training for women with stress urinary incontinence: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial with economic evaluation
  17. 22037
    “…The non-inferiority margin for the primary outcome measure will be set at 2 points (Cohen’s d = 0.29). This trial will also compare the two interventions from a health economics perspective, and conduct explorative analyses to identify potential effect moderators. …”
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    Comparative effectiveness of guided internet-based stress management training versus established in-person group training in employees – study protocol for a pragmatic, randomized, non-inferiority trial
  18. 22038
    “…RESULTS: Initial versions of the PPLA-Q gathered evidence in favor of adequate content validity at item level: most items had an Item-Content Validity Index ≥.78 and Cohen’s κ ≥ .76. At module-level, S-CVI/Ave and UA were .87/.60, .98/.93 and .96/.84 for the cognitive, psychological, and social modules, respectively. …”
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    Portuguese Physical Literacy Assessment Questionnaire (PPLA-Q) for adolescents (15–18 years) from grades 10–12: development, content validation and pilot testing
  19. 22039
    “…Performance indices of the cross-validated confusion matrix for dataset 1 were as follows: sensitivity of 96% [confidence interval, CI, 95%: 94–98], specificity of 95% [90–99], positive predictive value (PPV) of 99% [98–100], negative predictive value (NPV) of 82% [76–89], diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) of 496 [198–1,245], area under the ROC (AUC) of 0.96 [0.94–0.97], Matthews Correlation Coefficient (MCC) of 0.87 [0.85–0.88], accuracy of 96% [94–98], and Cohen's Kappa of 0.86 [0.81–0.91]. The proposed algorithm showed excellent diagnosis accuracy and class-labeling agreement, and fair discriminant power. …”
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    Automatic Classification Between COVID-19 and Non-COVID-19 Pneumonia Using Symptoms, Comorbidities, and Laboratory Findings: The Khorshid COVID Cohort Study
  20. 22040
    “…RESULTS: The PRWHE total score improved from a mean of 64 (SD = 18) before surgery to 40 (22) at 3 months and 32 (23) at 12 months after surgery (P  < 0.001; effect size Cohen’s d = −1.4). There was no difference in the improvement in PRWHE total score (P = 0.99) based on etiology. …”
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    Outcomes of ulna shortening osteotomy: a cohort analysis of 106 patients
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