“…In this review, we therefore summarize and conceptualize mechanisms covering the dissolution of ASDs, formation of supersaturated ASD solutions, factors responsible for solution stabilization, drug uptake from ASD solutions, and drug distribution within these complex systems as well as effects of excipients. Furthermore, we discuss the importance of these findings on the development of ASDs. …”
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“…They are particularly suited to simulating complex systems. Despite many methodological advances within ABM, one of the major drawbacks is their inability to incorporate real-time data to make accurate short-term predictions. …”
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“…This simplest form of Colpitts oscillator is adequate to be used as didactic model for the study of complex systems at undergraduate level. Analog and experimental results are proposed.…”
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“…Failures in such important and complex systems inevitably lead to pathologies. Many threatening diseases such as cancer or neurological disorders, to mention only some, are attributed to deregulation of proteaseinhibitor balance. …”
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“…We then provide an overview of the methods that can be employed to describe more complex systems. Last, we illustrate how the modelling approach may help for different practical purposes, including evaluation of control strategies. …”
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“…Delay and noise are inevitable in complex systems that are common in biochemical networks. …”
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“…Multiscale modelling of infectious disease systems falls within the domain of complexity science—the study of complex systems. However, what should be made clear is that current progress in multiscale modelling of infectious disease dynamics is still as yet insufficient to present it as a mature sub-discipline of complexity science. …”
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“…However, in the case of overparametrized complex systems modeling, the task of parameter-estimation through data assimilation can expand exponentially. …”
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“…Collectively, our data provide key insights into the regulatory transformation of SOX2 during neuronal differentiation, and we highlight the significance of multi-omic approaches in understanding gene regulation in complex systems.…”
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“…Stable Isotope Resolved Metabolomics (SIRM) is a valuable tool for tracing metabolic networks in complex systems, but at present does not directly address heterogeneous metabolism at the individual cell level. …”
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“…The ability to precisely measure and monitor temperature at high resolution at the nanoscale is an important task for better understanding the thermodynamic properties of functional entities at the nanoscale in complex systems, or at the level of a single cell. However, the development of high‐resolution and robust thermal nanosensors is challenging. …”
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“…In addition, 4 key themes were found: exercising human capital, realizing social capital, coping with compounding stressors, and navigating complex systems. This review demonstrates the need for interventions that improve social connectedness, individual coping skills, and system navigation.…”
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“…With many applications in several areas, the Tsallis statistics have been discussed in detail in many works and triggered an interesting discussion on the most deep meaning of entropy and its role in complex systems. Some possible mechanisms that could give rise to non-extensive statistics have been formulated over the last several years, in particular a fractal structure in thermodynamic functions was recently proposed as a possible origin for non-extensive statistics in physical systems. …”
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“…As complex systems, the spatial structure of urban systems can be analyzed by entropy theory. …”
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“…A primitive form of salience appears in simple complex systems models in the form of transient induced global response synchronization (TIGoRS). …”
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“…The biological sciences span many spatial and temporal scales in attempts to understand the function and evolution of complex systems-level processes, such as embryogenesis. …”
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“…However, the determination of important groups of entities, such as genes or proteins, in complex systems is considered a computationally hard task. …”
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“…While in some cases this selection can be carried out on the basis of intuition and experience, straightforward discrimination of the important features from the negligible ones is difficult for many complex systems, most notably heteropolymers and large biomolecules. …”
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“…In the real Internet of Everything scenario, many large-scale information systems can be converted into interdependent sensor networks, such as smart grids, smart medical systems, and industrial Internet systems. These complex systems usually have multiple interdependent sensor networks. …”
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“…Through selected examples, it further introduces to the features of different types of simulation models such as systems of ordinary differential equations and individual-based models, which are considered to be important tools to understand these complex systems. This ecological perspective aims to improve the way we study and understand the dynamics, diversity and persistence of plasmids and associated antibiotic resistance genes.…”
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