“…Conventional techniques were used to systematically ascertain the morphological (SEM/EDS, XRD, eddy-current measurements) and semiconductive (UV–VIS reflectance spectroscopy) properties of these oxide layers. …”
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“…The hydrodynamics is coupled to a Large-Eddy Simulation (LES) turbulence model. The convergence properties of SPH are improved by adopting a C[Formula: see text] Wendland function as the interpolation kernel, increased number of neighboring particles and non-reflective open boundary conditions at the outlet of the Venturi tube. …”
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“…The feedback from the induced eddy currents is neglected. Finite element modeling is applied for obtaining the electromagnetic fields distribution in a non-homogeneous domain. …”
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“…BACKGROUND: One potential source of error in phase contrast (PC) congenital CMR flow measurements is caused by phase offsets due to local non-compensated eddy currents. Phantom correction of these phase offset errors has been shown to result in more accurate measurements of blood flow in adults with structurally normal hearts. …”
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“…The most important sources of artefacts in DTI include eddy currents, nonuniformity and mis-calibration of gradients. …”
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“…Ocean circulation models were used to forecast oil slick migration in the GoM, however such models do not explicitly treat the effects of secondary eddy-slopes or Mississippi River (MR) hydrodynamics. …”
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“…Previous studies suggest that grasslands have the largest inter-site variation of LUE and controlling factors of grassland LUE differ from those of other biomes, since grasslands are usually water-limited ecosystems. Combining eddy covariance flux data with the fraction of photosynthetically active radiation absorbed by the plant canopy from MODIS, we report LUE on a typical steppe and a desert steppe in Inner Mongolia, northern China. …”
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“…We explored the interannual variation of the Bowen ratio and its affecting mechanisms based on eddy covariance measurements in a subtropical plantation in southeast China during 2003–2012. …”
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“…Model validation using in situ current speed, direction and sea elevation data confirmed the model's realistic representation of spatial and temporal aspects of circulation at the reef complex including a tidally driven current regime, eddies, and downwelling phenomena. This novel combination of 3D hydrodynamic modelling and remote sensing in deep-water ecosystems improves our understanding of the temporal and spatial scales of ecological processes occurring in marine systems. …”
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“…In this study, we used eddy covariance measurements of ET from a typical alpine shrubland meadow ecosystem in China to investigate the hysteresis response of ET to environmental variables including air temperature (T (a)), vapor pressure deficit (VPD) and net radiation (R (n)) at a diel timescale. …”
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“…Evapotranspiration (ET) is an important component of the surface energy balance and hydrological cycle. In this study, the eddy covariance technique was used to measure ET of the semi-arid farmland ecosystem in the Loess Plateau during 2010 growing season (April to September). …”
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“…Respirations of tracer aerosols of 1 µm at a flow rate of 30 L/min were simulated, with exhaled distributions recorded at the mouth. Large eddy simulations and a Lagrangian tracking approach were used to simulate respiratory airflows and aerosol dynamics. …”
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“…Image pre-processing was performed using FSL, following the TBSS pipeline (eddy current correction, estimation of fractional anisotropy (FA), normalization, skeletonization of the group mean FA image). …”
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“…In this study, we compiled data from 241 eddy covariance flux sites in the Northern Hemisphere and used Classification and Regression Trees and Redundancy Analysis to assess how climate, vegetation, and soil affect the spatial variations in three carbon dioxide fluxes (annual gross primary production (AGPP), annual ecosystem respiration (ARE), and annual net ecosystem production (ANEP)). …”
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“…Water in the main channel had E. coli concentrations on average 0.12 log(10) lower than within eddies along the river shore and 0.27 log(10) lower between the sample closest to shore and any sample >6 m from the shore. …”
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“…If an embedded structure at a certain depth in a sample is suddenly heated, e.g., by eddy current or absorbed light, an image of the structure can be reconstructed from the measured temperature at the sample surface. …”
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“…In this area, N(2)-fixation rates up to 4.5 μmol N m(-3) d(-1) were detected, associated with depth-integrated H(13)CO(3)(−)-fixation rates at least 50% higher than observed south of the AzF. The numerous eddies generated at the NW-AzC/AzF seem to enhance exchanges of plankton between water masses, as well as vertical and horizontal diapycnal diffusion of nutrients, whose increase probably enhances the growth of diazotrophs and the productivity of C-fixers.…”
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“…Poorly developed SCM was seen under two conditions, one above PSW and associated with a downwelling eddy, and the second in a region influenced by the Mackenzie River plume. …”
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“…An optimised post processing pipeline included motion, eddy current and EPI correction, rotation of the B matrix, free water elimination (FWE) and tractography analysis using an algorithm capable of reconstructing crossing fibres. …”
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“…In these regions, the controls on annual accumulation are poorly constrained owing to surface conditions (for example, surface clouds, blowing snow, and surface inversions), which render moisture flux estimates from myriad approaches (that is, eddy covariance, remote sensing, and direct observations) highly uncertain. …”
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